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List of Scientific Names of Fruits, Vegetables and Plants

Scientific Names of Fruits, Vegetables and Plants

Scientific name, also known as binomial nomenclature, plays a highly important role in the world of science and is considered an important part in almost all the competitive exams in India. Under this system, animals, plants and all other types of living or non-living things are given a specific scientific name, which distinguishes them from their common names. Scientific names are used instead of common names so that more accurate and comprehensive information can be obtained about these organisms and objects. The purpose of this system of scientific naming is to make the information about organisms and plants uniform and understandable at the global level, so that there is no confusion among the scientific community and it can be accurately known.

For individuals preparing for government exams, especially those with a General Science section, knowledge of scientific names is essential. To aid in preparation, we have compiled lists of important scientific names for fruits and vegetables. Reviewing these lists before the exam can provide an opportunity to secure additional marks and contribute to overall success in the selection process.

Scientific Names of Plants

In scientific names, we will first learn about the scientific name of plants, also known as botanical name or binomial nomenclature, these names play an important role in the systematic classification of plant species as well as other identification. These names follow a standardized format established by the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants (ICN).

Scientific Names of Plants
Apple Malus domestica
Bamboo Bamboosa aridinarifolia
Banana Musa paradisiaca
Banyan Ficus benghalensis
Black Gram Plasoes mungo
Black Pepper Piper nigrum
Brinjal Solanum melongena
Capsicum Capsicum frutescens
Carrot Daucas carota
Clove Syzygium aromaticum
Coriander Coriandrum sativum
Cotton Gossypium herbaceum
Cucumber Cucumis sativus
Curry plant Murraya koenigii
Drumstick Moringa oleifera
Garlic Allium sativum
Ginger Zingiber officinale
Green Gram Phaseolies aulicus
Guava Psidium guajava
Henna Lawsonia inermis
Horse Gram Dolichos biffoeus
Jowar Sorghum vulgare
Lemon Citrus limonium
Lettuce Lactuca sativa
Maize Zea mays
Mango Mangifera indica
Mint Mentha arvensis
Money Plant Epipremnum aureum
Neem Azadirachta indica
Onion Allium cepa
Orange Citrus aurantium
Pineapple Ananas comosus
Potato Solanum tuberosum
Radish Raphanus sativus
Red Gram Cajanus cajan
Sandalwood Santalum album
Spinach Spinacia oleracea
Tobacco Nicotina tobaccum
Tomato Solanum lycopersicum
Tulsi Ocimum sanctum
Turmeric Curcuma longa
Watermelon Citrullus vulgaris
Wheat Triticum aestivum

General Knowledge

Scientific Names of Fruits

The scientific names of fruits, like those of all plant species, follow the principles of binomial nomenclature, and are given under a standardized format set by the International Code of Nomenclature (ICN) for algae, fungi, and plants.

Names of Fruits Scientific Names of Fruits
Apple Pyrus malus
Apricot Prunus armeniaca
Avocado Persea Americana
Banana Musa Paradisicum
Blackberry Rubus fruticosus
Blue Berry Vaccinium cyanococcus
Cantaloupe (Kharbuja) Cucumis melo
Cherry Prunus avium
Dragon fruit Hylocereus undutus
Fig Ficus carica
Gooseberry Ribes uva-crispa
Grapes Vitis vinifera
Guava Psidium guava
Honeydew Cucumis melo
Kiwi fruit Actinidia deliciosa
Lime Citrus latifolia
Lychee (Lichi) Litchi chinensis
Mandarin Orange Citrus reticulata
Mango Mangifera indica
Mulberry Genus: Morus
Nectarine (Peach) Prunus persica
Orange Citrus aurantium
Papaya Carica papaya
Passionfruit Passiflora edulis
Pear Pyrus communis
Sacred fig (Peepal) Ficus religiosa Linn
Persimmon Diospyros kaki
Pineapple Ananus sativus
Plum Prunus domestica
Pomegranate Punica granatum
Prickly pear Opuntia stricta
Raspberry Rubus idaeobatus
Redcurrant Ribes rubrum
Watermelon Citrullus vulgaris
Amla Phyllanthus Emblica

Scientific Names of Vegetables

The scientific names of vegetables are based on the principles of binomial nomenclature, like those of other plant species. These names are determined according to a standardized format established by the International Code of Nomenclature (ICN) for algae, fungi, and plants.

Names of Vegetables Scientific Names of Vegetables
Asparagus Asparagus officinalis
Bitter Gourds Momordica Charantia
Broccoli Brassica oleracea italica group
Broccoli rabe Brassica rapus ruvo group
Cabbage Brassica oleracea var. capitata
Calabash Lagenaria siceraria
Carrot Daucus carota subsp. sativus
Cassava Manihot esculenta
Cauliflower Brassica oleracea
Chilli Capsicum spp.
Chinese cabbage Brassica rapus chinesesis group
Chives Allium schoenoprasum
Cluster bean Cyamopsis tetragonoloba
Coccinia Coccinia grandis Voigt,   Coccinia cordifolia, Coccinia indica
Colocasia / Taro Colocasia esculenta
Common bean Phaseolus vulgaris
Coriander Coriandrum sativum
Cow pea Vigna unguiculata
Cucumber Cucumis sativus
Curry plant (Leaves) Murraya koenigii
Drumstick Moringa oleifera
Brinjal Solanum melongena
Elephant foot Yam Amorphophallus paeoniifolius
Garlic Allium sativum
Honey dew (Melon) Cucumis melo
Hyacinth bean Lablab purpureus
Jack fruit Artocarpus integra
Leek Allium porrum
Lettuce Lactuca sativa
Lima bean Phaseolus limensis
Luffa Luffa aegyptiaca
Mint (Pudina) Mentha arvensis
Lady Finger Abelmoschus esculentus
Onion Allium cepa
Papaya Carica papaya
Parsley Petroselinum crispum
Pea Pisum sativum
Peanut, Groundnut Arachis hypogaea
Pointed gourd Trichosanthes dioica
Potato Solanum tubersum
Pumpkin Cucurbita maxima
Radish Raphanus sativus
Rutabaga Brassica napus
Snake gourd Trichosanthes cucumerina
Soybean Glycine max
Spinach Spinacia oleracea
Spiny gourd Momordica dioica
Tomato Solanum lycopersicum L.
Turnip Brassica rapus
Watermelon Citrullus lanatus
Wax gourd Benincasa hispida
Welsh onion Allium fistulosum
Wild carrot Daucus carota
Wild yam Dioscorea villosa

Scientific Names offer valuable information about the evolutionary relationships, genetic characteristics, and ecological preferences of various vegetable species. They serve as essential tools for documenting, preserving, and conserving vegetable biodiversity, aiding in the study of plant genetics, crop improvement, and sustainable agriculture practices. By using scientific names, scientists can communicate effectively and facilitate knowledge sharing to further our understanding and utilization of vegetable resources.

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FAQs

What is the scientific name of Apple?

Ans. Pyrus malus is the scientific name of Apple. 

How do you write a scientific name?

While writing a scientific name, one needs to be mindful of the first letter of the genus name, which always has to be written in upper case letters. The first letter of species descriptor is always written in lower case letters, never in upper case even if it is a proper noun.

What is binomial nomenclature?

All living things, including plants, animals, birds, and flowers, are assigned a scientific name, also known as binomial nomenclature.

Why scientific names are important?

Scientific Names offer valuable information about the evolutionary relationships, genetic characteristics, and ecological preferences of various vegetable species.

What is the scientific name of Broccoli rabe and Cabbage

The scientific name of Broccoli rabe is 'Brassica rapus ruvo group' and the scientific name of Cabbage is 'Brassica oleracea var. capitata'.