Unemployment in India Essay for CAPF -

Table of Contents

Unemployment in India

Unemployment occurs when a person is actively searching for employment is unable to find work. India has been facing this issue for a long time now and this has been aggravated due to lockdown in corona as a result of which many people were laid off and lost their jobs.

As per the NSSO (National sample and survey organization) Unemployment rate = Unemployed workers / Total labor force * 100 and lately, According to center for monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE) data, India has reported the unemployment rate of 7.8%.

Unemployment in India Essay

There are several types of unemployment like disguised unemployment, cyclical unemployment, seasonal unemployment, and technological unemployment.

Causes of Unemployment

Social factors – Prevalent casteism and other social issues like regionalism, religion etc. become the obstacle in getting the employment.
Overpopulation – Providing jobs to such a large no of population is a difficult task.
Loopholes in education system – Skills are not taught and lack of application oriented studies.
Agricultural dominance – A lot of people are into agricultural sector and still they are not able to get the optimum output from the same.
Issues related to legislation and administration – More privatization without proper research, less social welfare schemes and improper implementation of labour laws prove to be the hurdle in getting employment.
Digitalised economy – With more and more industrialization, there is a need of tech savvy people and more skilled workers which leave all the unskilled, less educated people unemployed.

Initiatives of the Government to Promote Employment

PM-DAKSH – Pradhan Mantri Dakshata aur kaushalta sampann.
MGNREGA – Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act.
SMILE – Support for marginalized individuals for livelihood and Enterprise.
Startup India Scheme
Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana
Deendayal Upadhyay- Gramin Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY)
Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY)
Shyama Prasad Mukherjee RURban Mission
National Career Service (NCS)

Way Forward

Promoting labour intensive industries like food processing industries, leather and footwear, textiles and apparels etc. to employ more and more unorganized workers on an optimum amount of salary.

Drafting National Employment policy to cover multidimensional intervention which includes a whole range of social and economic issues with the focus of giving required skills to the youth, making informal sector better, social cohesion and equity in labour market, business friendly laws to promote start up India and more opportunities related to self employment.