ଓଡିଶା ସିଭିଲ ସର୍ଭିସ୍ 2024 Prelims GS Mock Paper-I | November 4th Week

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Q1. “Climate Action Tracker” which monitors the emission reduction Pledges of different countries is a:

1. Database created by coalition of research organisations
2. Wing of ‘International Panel of Climate Change”
3. Committee under “United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change”
4. Agency promoted and financed by United Nations Environment Programme and World Bank

 

Q2.Consider the following statements regarding Rhododendron :

1. These are classified as wooden flowering evergreen plants
2. Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas are home to more than one-third of all types of rhododendrons found in India.
3. Rhododendrons are indicator species for climate change.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1. 1 and 2
2. 2 and 3
3. 1 and 3
4. 1,2 and 3

 

Q3. Consider the following statements with reference to distribution of salinity in the ocean:

1. Salinity generally decreases from the equator towards poles.
2. Highest salinity is observed in the equatorial region.

Which of the statements given above

is/are correct?

1. 1 only
2.  2 only
3.  2 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3

 

Q4. Consider the following statements:

1. The air containing moisture to its full capacity at a given temperature is said to be saturated.
2. The temperature at which saturation occurs in a given sample of air is known as dew point.

Which of the following statements given above is /are correct?

1.  1 Only
2.  2 Only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2

 

Q5. Lycopene, Lutein and zeaxanthin are the example of:

1. Carotenoids
2. Ellagic acid
3. Resveratrol
4. Flavonoids

 

Q6. Which of the following statements is/are correct with respect to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs):

1. PAHs are a class of chemicals that occur naturally in fossil fuels.
2. Fungus is capable of removing toxic and carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from the environment.
3. PAHs can be formed on the exposer of high heat during cooking food.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

1.  2 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1 only
4. 1, 2 and 3

 

Q7. Consider the following statements

1. one candidate can contest from a maximum of two constituencies.
2. section 33 of RPA (Representation of the People Act), 1950, puts bar on the number of constituencies from which a candidate can contest

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2

 

Q8. Which of the following is correct with respect to Moore’s law?

1. It states the relationship between electric current and potential difference
2. It states the apparent change in frequency of a wave in relation to an observer moving relative to the wave source
3. It states that the number of transistors on a microchip doubles every two years
4. It states that when a ray of light reflects off a surface, the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection

 

Q9. In economics and finance, a/an _______  can be explained as a situation where a shock in a particular economy or region spreads out and affects others by way of, say, price movements.

1. Domino effect
2. Contagion Effect
3. Crowding in effect
4. crowding out effect

 

Q10. Hunger hotspots outlook Report 2022 is released by which one of the following?

1.  Food and Water watch
2.  World Wildlife Fund for Nature
3. Concern Worldwide and Welthungerhilfe
4.  None of the above

 

Q11. Consider the following statements regarding Fab 4/Chip 4 chip alliance

1. It aims to Serve as an early warning and mutual reminder system to ensure a stable supply chain for chip manufacturers
2. It is an initiative of quad members

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2

 

Q12.Consider the following statements

1. Floating Solar Panels reduce the rate of evaporation of water body which helps in water conservation.
2. The water body under the solar panels maintains the temperature and efficiency of the Floating solar plant.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2

 

Q13. Which one of the following best describes the role of ‘Cytochrome C’ in plants?

1.  Cell organelles to protect the cell body of plants from diseases
2.  Sub part of lysosomes in the cell to remove and dispose foreign substances
3. A key participant in the function of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) synthesis
4. Genetically modified cell variant introduced in plants

 

Q14. Regarding the Poligars’ Rebellion, which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. The Poligars were feudatories under the Maratha kingdom.
2. The oppressive land revenue system against the Poligars led to the rebellion.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

1. 1 only
2.  2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2

 

Q15.Consider the following statements

1. Aubrite meteorites are fine-grained igneous rocks that are formed in oxygen-poor conditions
2. Aubrites consist of very bright minerals, mostly silicates, formed at very low temperatures.

Select the correct statement(s)

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2

 

Q16. Arrange the following countries in the decreasing order of Uranium production:

1. Namibia
2. Kazakhstan
3. South Africa
4. Russia

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1.  1-2-3-4
2.  1-2-4-3
3.  2-1-3-4
4.  2-1-4-3

 

Q17. Consider the following statements

1. The institutions of Speaker and Deputy Speaker originated in India under the provisions of the Indian Councils Act of 1909 also known as Minto-Morley Reforms
2. The Deputy Speaker performs the duties of the Speaker’s office when the Speaker is absent but not when the office is vacant
3. Deputy Speaker automatically becomes the chairman of a parliamentary committee whenever he is appointed as a member

Choose the correct answer using the code given below

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 3 only

 

Q18. Consider the following statements with respect to ‘Committee of

1. The Committee examines every question of privilege referred to it either by the House or by the Chairman 2. The Speaker may refer to the Committee any petition regarding disqualification of a member on ground of defection
2. The members of the Committee are elected by the respective houses separately

Choose the correct answer using the code given below

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 1 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 3 only

 

Q19.  Consider the following statements with respect to ‘The Election Symbols (Reservation and Allotment) Order, 1968’

1. It specifies that the Election Commission of India is the only authority to decide issues on a dispute or a merger
2. The order classifies the election symbols into reserved, frozen and free symbols
3. The order mentions the conditions for a party to be recognized as a national, state party and also for continued recognition of a party

Choose the correct answer using the code given below

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. All the above

 

Q20. Generally if the money granted by the Parliament to the government is not spent by the end of the financial year, then:

1. The unspent balance expires and returns to the Consolidated Fund of India.
2. No fresh money is allotted to the service until the unspent money is fully utilized.
3. The government can’t make a demand for grant for that particular service in the next Budget.
4. The unspent money is automatically carried forward to the next financial year as a reserve fund.

 

Q21. In terms of economy, Fiscal Slippage may result in which of the following situations?

1. Rise in government borrowings
2. Crowding out of corporate borrowers from the market
3. Decrease in yields of the government securities

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

1. 2 only
2. 1 and 2 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3

 

Q22. The term ‘Terminator Zone’ is often seen in the news in the context of

1. The limits of habitable zone above the surface of the Earth
2. Regions inside the Earth-like planets in outer space
3. Search for the Earth-like planets in outer space
4. A moving line that divides the daylit side and the dark night side of a planetary body

 

 

Q23. ‘Axiom Mission 1’ sometimes seen in the news recently is related to :

1.  A proposed mission of the United Arab Emirates to join the elite club of sending a probe to Mars
2.  The first solar weather mission of the European Space Agency
3. A spacecraft mission by NASA to make the closest-ever observations of Saturn
4.  The first all-private astronaut mission to the International Space Station

 

 

Q24. With reference to the climate of India, the retreat of Southwest Monsoon winds takes place due to :

1. The apparent shift of the sun from the equator towards the Tropic of cancer
2.  The weakening of low-pressure area over the north-western parts of India
3. The origin of severe cyclonic storms in the Bay of Bengal
4. The shifting of the high-pressure area to the south Indian ocean

 

Q25. With reference to the monsoon depressions, consider the following statements:

1. These are low-pressure systems that develop in the Bay of Bengal.
2. Monsoon depression is a warm core system in lower and upper levels of the atmosphere.
3. These intensify into cyclonic storms due to the high vertical wind shear.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1. 1 only
2.  2 and 3 only
3.  3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3

 

 

Solutions

 

S1.Ans.(a)

Sol.

• The Climate Action Tracker is an independent scientific analysis that tracks government climate action and measures it against the globally agreed Paris Agreement aim of “holding warming well below 2°C, and pursuing efforts to limit warming to 1.5°C.” A collaboration of two organisations, Climate Analytics and New Climate Institute, the CAT has been providing this independent analysis to policymakers since 2009. Therefore, option (a) is the correct answer

 

S2.Ans.(b)

Sol.

Rhododendron is a large genus of flowering plants and is found mainly in Eastern Himalayas, Western Himalayas and Nilgiris. Some plants of Rhododendron are evergreen and some are deciduous in nature.

Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas are home to more than one-third of all types of rhododendrons found in India.

Most species are native to eastern Asia and the Himalayan region, but smaller numbers occur elsewhere in Asia, and in North America, Europe and Australia.

Rhododendrons are indicator species as far as climate change is concerned.

 

 

S3.Ans.(a)

Sol.

Statements 1 is correct but 2 is incorrect: Distribution of salinity: On an average the salinity decreases from equator towards the poles. The highest salinity is observed between 20° and 40° north latitudes because this zone is characterized by high temperature, high evaporation but less rain than the equatorial region. The marginal areas of the oceans bordering the continents have lower salinity than their interior due to addition of fresh water to the marginal areas through the rivers.

 

 

S4.Ans.(b)

Sol.

• Statement 1 is correct: The air containing moisture to its full capacity at a given temperature is said to be saturated. It means that the air at the given temperature is incapable of holding any additional amount of moisture at that stage.
• Statement 2 is correct: The temperature at which saturation occurs in a given sample of air is known as dew point.

 

 

S5.Ans.(a)

Sol.

Carotenoids are pigments in plants that are responsible for the bright-colored hues of vegetables and fruits. There are more than 600 carotenoids, and they must be consumed through foods and sources of fat. Some common types of carotenoids include:

• alpha-carotene
• beta-carotene
• beta-cryptoxanthin
• lutein
• lycopene
• zeaxanthin

 

S6.Ans.(d)

Sol.

Statement 2 is correct: Researchers at the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research- Indian Institute of Petroleum (CSIR-IIP), Dehradun, have identified a fungus, white- rot fungus Trametesmaxima IIPLC-32, capable of removing toxic, recalcitrant, and carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environment. According to researchers, growing on dead plants, this fungus causes pyrene degradation using special enzymes.

Statement 1 and 3 are correct: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of chemicals that occur naturally in coal, crude oil, and gasoline (fossil fuels). They result from burning coal, oil, gas, wood, garbage, and tobacco. PAHs can bind to or form small particles in the air. High heat when cooking meat and other foods will form PAHs. Naphthalene is a manmade PAH used in the United States to make other chemicals and mothballs. Cigarette smoke contains many PAHs.

 

S7.Ans.(a)

Sol.

As per Section 33(7) of the RPA (Representation of the People Act), 1951, one candidate can contest from a maximum of two constituencies. More than two constituencies were allowed until 1996 when the RPA was amended to set the cap at two constituencies. Conflicts in the RPA laws: While 33(7)allows candidates to contest from two seats, Section 70 bars candidates from representing two constituencies in the Lok Sabha/state. Assembly.

 

S8.Ans.(c)

Sol.

Moore’s Law states that the number of transistors on a microchip doubles every two y ears.

• The law claims that we can expect the speed and capability of our computers to increase every two y ears.

 

S9.Ans.(b)

Sol.

In economics and finance, a contagion can be explained as a situation where a shock in a particular economy or region spreads out and affects others by way of, say, price movements. It explains the possibility of spread of economic crisis or boom across countries or regions. This phenomenon may occur both at a domestic level as well as at an international level.

If ‘contagion effects’ from the recent ban corrupt SVB or higher interest rates hit more foreign banks, a flight to safety among global investors could hit capital ..

 

S10.Ans.(d)

Sol.

Recently, the hunger hotspots outlook Report 2022 was released by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Food Programme (WFP). The report has warned that acute food insecurity is likely to deteriorate further in 19 countries or situations called hunger hotspots.

So, Option (d) is correct.

 

 

S11.Ans.(a)

Sol.

The USA-led semiconductor alliance including Taiwan, Japan and South Korea will set up an early warning system to prevent disruptions to the supply of tech hardware components that have become the centrepiece of the US-China tech war.

The warning system between the “Chip 4” dialogue partners would help ensure the supply of semiconductor chips for cars and could cover chipmaking raw materials and manufacturing equipment Taiwanese manufacturers sell about 60 per cent of the world’s semiconductor chips

 

S12.Ans.(c)

Sol.

• The floating platform consists of one Inverter, Transformer, and a High Voltage breaker. The solar modules are placed on floaters manufactured with High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) material. The entire floating system is being anchored through special High Modulus Polyethylene (HMPE) rope.
• Some important advantages of the floating project is:
• Minimum land requirement
• With the presence of floating solar panels, the evaporation rate from water bodies is reduced, thus help in water conservation.
• The water body underneath the solar modules helps in maintaining its ambient temperature, thereby improving plant’s efficiency and generation.
• Similarly, coal consumption can be avoided and carbon emission can be reduced.

 

S13.Ans.(c)

Sol.

• Cytochrome c is primarily known for its function in the mitochondria as a key participant in the life-supporting function of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) synthesis. Cytochrome c is one of the mitochondrial proteins that is released into the cytosol when the cell is activated by an apoptotic stimulus.
• In the cytosol, Cytochrome c engages the apoptotic protease activating factor-1 (APAF1), and forms the apoptosome, which activates caspase-9.
• The release of cytochrome c has been suggested to occur in two phases: mobilization from the mitochondrial intermembrane space and translocation through the outer mitochondrial membrane.

 

S14.Ans.(b)

Sol.

The Poligars (Palayakkarar) system had evolved with the extension of Vijayanagar rule into Tamil Nadu. Each Poligar was the holder of a territory or Palayam (usually consisting of a few villages), granted to him in return for military service and tribute. They had judicial powers and dispensed justice over civil and criminal cases. So, Statement 1 is not correct. The Nawab of Arcot entrusted the task of collecting land revenue arrears to the Company administration in several parts of Tamil Nadu which were controlled by Poligars under the provisions of the Karnatac Treaty of 1792. Many of the Poligars put up certain pretexts and did not pay the tribute to the British because of their oppressive land revenue system. Thus the Revolt of Poligars started. So, Statement 2 is correct.

 

S15.Ans.(d)

Sol.

Aubrite meteorites are coarse-grained igneous rocks that are formed in oxygenpoor conditions. They contain a variety of exotic minerals that are not found on Earth. Aubrites consist of very bright minerals, mostly silicates,that formed in an oxygen-free, basaltic environment at very high temperatures. Only one out of every 1,000 meteorites that fall on Earth belong to this class.

 

S16.Ans.(d)

Sol.

• Uranium is a silvery-white metallic chemical element in the periodic table, with atomic number 92. Uranium has the highest atomic weight of all naturally occurring elements. • About two-thirds of the world’s production of uranium from mines is from Australia, Kazakhstan and Canada. In 2021 Kazakhstan produced the largest share of uranium from mines (45% of world supply).
• Share of Uranium production by country in the world

 

S17.Ans.(d)

Sol.

The institutions of Speaker and Deputy Speaker originated in India in 1921 under the provisions of the Government of India Act of 1919 (Montague Chelmsford Reforms). The Deputy Speaker performs the duties of the Speaker’s office when it is vacant. He also acts as the Speaker when the latter is absent from the sitting of the House. In both the cases, he assumes all the powers of the Speaker. The Deputy Speaker has one special privilege, that is, whenever he is appointed as a member of a parliamentary committee, he automatically becomes its chairman. When the Speaker presides over the House, the Deputy Speaker is like any other ordinary member of the House.

 

S18.Ans.(a)

Sol.

The Committee examines every question of privilege referred to it either by the House or by the Chairman and determines with reference to the facts of each case whether a breach of privilege is involved and, if so, the nature of the breach, the circumstances leading to it and makes such recommendations as it deems fit. The Speaker may refer to the Committee any petition regarding disqualification of a member on ground of defection for making a preliminary inquiry and submitting a report to him. The procedure to be followed by the Committee in these cases is so far as may be same as in applicable to questions of breach of privilege. This committee consists of 15 members in Lok Sabha ( 10 in case of Rajya Sabha) nominated by the Speaker (Chairman in case of Rajya Sabha). In the Rajya Sabha, the deputy chairperson heads the committee of privileges.

 

S19.Ans.(c)

Sol.

The Election Symbols (Reservation and Allotment) Order, 1968 empowers the ECI to recognise political parties and allot symbols. Under Paragraph 15 of the Order, the ECI is the only authority to decide issues on a dispute or a merger. The order classifies the election symbols into reserved and free symbols. A reserved symbol is a symbol which is reserved for a recognised political party for exclusive allotment to contesting candidates set up by that party and a free symbol is a symbol other than a reserved symbol The order mentions the conditions for a party to be recognized as a national, state party and also for continued recognition of a party

 

S20.Ans.(a)

Sol.

Options a is the correct answer. The budget is based on the principle of annuity, that is, the Parliament grants money to the government for one financial year. Under the ‘Rule of Lapse’ if the granted money is not spent by the end of the financial year, then the balance expires and returns to the Consolidated Fund of India. It facilitates effective financial control by the Parliament as no reserve funds can be built without its authorization. However, the observance of this rule leads to heavy rush of expenditure towards the close of the financial year. This is popularly called as ‘March Rush’.

 

S21.Ans.(b)

Sol.

Fiscal slippage refers to the missing of fiscal targets in the country’s budget.

Statement 1 is correct: Fiscal Slippage may lead to rising state government borrowings which could derail fiscal consolidation, fuel inflation, increase interest rates. The Government may force the central bank to change its interest rate target, in order to keep inflation where it wants it

Statement 2 is correct: Fiscal Slippage may lead to higher borrowings. Higher borrowings from the Centre and states have led to hardening in borrowing rates, threatening to crowd out corporate borrowers from the market.

Statement 3 is incorrect: Fiscal Slippage may lead to higher borrowings. Higher borrowings from the Centre and states have led to rise in borrowing rates. As the investor base for G-Sec and State Development Loans (SDLs) are almost the same, the continuous and large supply of SDLs had resulted in hardening of yields of the central government securities. Thus, it increases yields of the central government securities. Knowledge Base: Yield hardening means bond yields are rising, which indicates that bond prices are falling. In the current context, this is with reference to the 10-year G-sec (or government bond), the yield on which has gone up from 5.9 per cent towards the end of January 2021 to about 6.2 per cent now.

 

S22.Ans.(d)

Sol.

In a recent study, astronomers from the University of California explained the possibility of extra-terrestrial life on far-off exoplanets within a special region known as the “terminator zone” What is Terminator Zone? A terminator or twilight zone is a moving line that divides the daylit side and the dark night side of a planetary body. So, one side is always facing its star and one side that is always dark. It could exist in a “just right” temperature zone between too hot and too cold. Terminator zone planet can retain liquid water.

 

S23.Ans.(d)

Sol.

‘Axiom Mission 1’ is the first fully private mission to the International Space station with a four-member crew from startup company Axiom Space, marking a pivotal step toward Axiom Station, the world’s first commercial space station. Axiom, NASA and SpaceX have hailed the mission, which sees it as a key step in its goal to commercialize the Low earth orbit region of space known as the “LEO Economy or Low-Earth orbit economy”. So, option (d) is correct.

 

S24.Ans.(b)

Sol.

The retreat of South-west monsoon winds is caused by the weakening of the low-pressure areas of northwestern regions. This is due to the low temperatures caused by the apparent shift of the sun towards the equator, as well as widespread rains that significantly lower temperatures. Then the low pressure area shift to the south. The changes in atmospheric pressure patterns cause the Southwest monsoons to retreat. So, Option (b) is correct.

 

S25.Ans.(a)

Sol.

Monsoon depressions:

• The depressions which form in the monsoon season are called monsoon depressions. These are low-pressure areas with two or three closed isobars (at 2 hPa interval), which cause most of the monsoon rains. These can be of Bay origin, Land origin or Arabian Sea origin. It affects the North Indian Ocean and the Bay of Bengal in summer. So, statement 1 is correct.
• A monsoon depression is a cold core system (central temperature colder than the environment) over the surface and in the lower levels and a warm core in upper levels (central temperature warmer than the environment). So, statement 2 is not correct.
• The monsoon depressions tilt southwards with height and if a monsoon depression is moving westward, the heavy rainfall is mainly concentrated in the south-west (SW) quadrant.
• Due to the high vertical wind shear present during the Southwest monsoon season, monsoon depressions generally do not intensify into cyclonic storms. So, statement 3 is not correct.
• The depressions forming in pre-monsoon season and post-monsoon season intensifies into cyclonic storms. The average diameter of Post monsoon storms is about 1200 km whereas in the pre-monsoon season it is about 800 km, however, the intensity does not depend on size.

 

 

 

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