Success in the OSSSC ICDS Supervisor examination requires a robust knowledge of health-related topics. To aid your preparation, we’ve compiled a set of 30 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) on common diseases. Each question is followed by the correct answer to help you gauge and enhance your understanding of health issues vital to the role of an Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Supervisor.
Top 30 Common Diseases MCQs for OSSSC RI, ARI, Amin, SFS, ICDS Supervisor
These MCQs provide a glimpse into the diverse range of common diseases and their causes. Understanding these conditions is essential for effectively addressing health issues within communities and ensuring better health outcomes.
- Which one of the following diseases is caused by protozoa?
- (a) Malaria
- (b) Diphtheria
- (c) Cholera
- (d) Pneumonia
- Ans. (a) Malaria Explanation: Malaria is caused by a protozoa parasite called Plasmodium and its carrier is the female Anopheles mosquito.
- Which of the following organs are affected by malaria?
- (a) Heart
- (b) Kidney
- (c) Spleen
- (d) Stomach
- Ans. (c) Spleen Explanation: The spleen is affected by malaria. It often becomes enlarged in malaria patients.
- Which human organ is responsible for alcohol detoxification?
- (a) Lung
- (b) Liver
- (c) Kidney
- (d) Intestines
- Ans. (b) Liver Explanation: The liver is responsible for alcohol detoxification. It detoxifies harmful substances through complex chemical reactions.
- Which substance is responsible for Arthritis in the joints of the body?
- (a) Albumin
- (b) Cholesterol
- (c) Urea
- (d) Uric acid
- Ans. (d) Uric acid Explanation: Arthritis is caused by the deposition of uric acid in joints and fluids within the body, a condition known as gout.
- Dropsy disease is caused by which of the following substances?
- (a) Mustard oil
- (b) Kerosene oil
- (c) Sugar
- (d) Salt
- Ans. (a) Mustard oil Explanation: Dropsy disease, characterized by body tissue swelling due to fluid accumulation, is caused by the intake of adulterated mustard oil.
- Diarrhoea is caused by which of the following vectors?
- (a) Amoeba
- (b) Bacteria
- (c) Fungus
- (d) Rotavirus
- Ans. (d) Rotavirus Explanation: Rotavirus is a group of RNA viruses and the most common cause of severe diarrhea among infants and young children.
- Hysteria is commonly found in which group?
- (a) Young men
- (b) Young women
- (c) Old women
- (d) None of these
- Ans. (b) Young women Explanation: Hysteria is commonly found in young women and is characterized by symptoms like anxiety, discomfort, and faintness.
- Which disease is caused by swelling of the membrane over the spinal cord and brain?
- (a) Paralysis
- (b) Leukemia
- (c) Meningitis
- (d) Sclerosis
- Ans. (c) Meningitis Explanation: Meningitis is caused by the inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.
- Anthophobia is the fear of which of the following options?
- (a) Cats
- (b) Water
- (c) Fruits
- (d) Flowers
- Ans. (d) Flowers
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- Explanation: Anthophobia is the fear of flowers.
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- Which of the following diseases is only found in African-Americans?
- (a) Sickle cell Anemia
- (b) Filariasis
- (c) Trypanosomiasis
- (d) Hemophilia
- Ans. (c) Trypanosomiasis Explanation: Trypanosomiasis, also known as Sleeping Sickness, is caused by the African parasites Trypanosoma brucei and is transmitted by the tsetse fly found only in Sub-Saharan Africa.
- Who is known as the Father of Medicine?
- (a) Aristotle
- (b) Hippocrates
- (c) Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
- (d) Antoine Lavoisier
- Ans. (b) Hippocrates Explanation: Hippocrates is regarded as the Father of Medicine. Aristotle, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, and Antoine Lavoisier are known for their contributions to other scientific fields.
- Which of the following non-infectious diseases is the most lethal?
- (a) Cancer
- (b) Diabetes
- (c) AIDS
- (d) Obesity
- Ans. (a) Cancer Explanation: Cancer is the deadliest non-infectious disease, causing millions of deaths annually worldwide.
- Which vitamin is essential for proper blood clotting?
- (a) Vitamin A
- (b) Vitamin B12
- (c) Vitamin C
- (d) Vitamin K
- Ans. (d) Vitamin K Explanation: Vitamin K is crucial for blood clotting and preventing excessive bleeding.
- What causes the disease known as jaundice?
- (a) Bacterial infection
- (b) Viral infection
- (c) Liver dysfunction
- (d) Kidney dysfunction
- Ans. (c) Liver dysfunction Explanation: Jaundice is typically caused by liver dysfunction, leading to a buildup of bilirubin in the bloodstream.
- Which of the following organs is primarily affected by tuberculosis?
- (a) Liver
- (b) Kidneys
- (c) Lungs
- (d) Heart
- Ans. (c) Lungs Explanation: Tuberculosis primarily affects the lungs, although it can also affect other organs in the body.
- What is the primary cause of peptic ulcers?
- (a) Bacterial infection
- (b) Excessive alcohol consumption
- (c) Chronic stress
- (d) Spicy food intake
- Ans. (a) Bacterial infection Explanation: Peptic ulcers are primarily caused by infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori.
- Which of the following diseases is caused by a deficiency of insulin?
- (a) Diabetes
- (b) Hypertension
- (c) Hyperthyroidism
- (d) Asthma
- Ans. (a) Diabetes Explanation: Diabetes is caused by a deficiency of insulin or the body’s inability to use insulin effectively.
- What is the main symptom of anemia?
- (a) Fever
- (b) Fatigue
- (c) Joint pain
- (d) Shortness of breath
- Ans. (b) Fatigue Explanation: Fatigue is the primary symptom of anemia, which is characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin.
- Which of the following diseases is caused by a deficiency of vitamin D?
- (a) Rickets
- (b) Scurvy
- (c) Beriberi
- (d) Pellagra
- Ans. (a) Rickets
- Which of the following diseases has been eradicated?
(a) Smallpox
(b) Rinderpest
(c) Polio
(d) All of the above
Ans. (d) All of the above
Explanation: Smallpox, Rinderpest, and Polio have all been successfully eradicated through vaccination campaigns and public health efforts
21. Immunosuppressants such as _________ prevent transplanted organs from being rejected in recipients.
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- (a) Thrombin
- (b) Cyclosporine
- (c) Aspirin
- (d) None of the above
Ans. (b) Cyclosporine Explanation: Immunosuppressants like Cyclosporine are used to prevent organ rejection in transplant recipients.
22. Both B & T lymphocytes are produced in the bone marrow; however, only the T lymphocytes travel to the ______ and mature there.
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- (a) Spleen
- (b) Thymus
- (c) Pituitary gland
- (d) Adrenal gland
- Ans. (b) Thymus Explanation: T lymphocytes mature in the thymus gland.
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23. The _________ is at its largest in children, but with the onset of puberty, it eventually shrinks and gets replaced by fat.
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- (a) Thymus
- (b) Hypothalamus
- (c) Parathyroid gland
- (d) None of the above
- Ans. (a) Thymus Explanation: The thymus gland is largest in children and atrophies with age.
24. Ascaris lumbricoides is a species of parasitic roundworm that lives in _________.
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- (a) Humans
- (b) Grasshoppers
- (c) Pigs
- (d) None of the above
Ans. (a) Humans Explanation: Ascaris lumbricoides is a parasitic roundworm that lives in the human intestine.
25. A kind of injury or damage, which results in the premature death of all the nearby cells in a tissue or an organ through autolysis is called _______.
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- (a) Neurosis
- (b) Necrosis
- (c) Apoptosis
- (d) Cellular senescence
- Ans. (b) Necrosis Explanation: Necrosis is the premature death of cells in a tissue or organ due to injury or damage.
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26. Hypochondria is also termed as_______.
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- (a) Health anxiety
- (b) Sleep apnea
- (c) Hypnagogia
- (d) Narcolepsy
- Ans. (a) Health anxiety Explanation: Hypochondria is also known as health anxiety, characterized by excessive worry about having a serious illness.
27. The immune system comprises_______.
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- (a) Humoral and fibrous systems
- (b) Humoral and Cell-mediated systems
- (c) Antigens
- (d) Lymphocytes
- Ans. (b) Humoral and Cell-mediated systems Explanation: The immune system consists of the humoral (antibody-mediated) and cell-mediated systems.
28. Which of the following is a viral disease?
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- (a) Diphtheria
- (b) Filariasis
- (c) Leprosy
- (d) Influenza
Ans. (d) Influenza Explanation: Influenza is caused by viruses and is a viral disease.
29. Carcinoma arises from the_______.
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- (a) Epithelial cells
- (b) Bone Marrow
- (c) Pigment containing Cells
- (d) None of the above
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Ans. (a) Epithelial cells Explanation: Carcinoma arises from epithelial cells.
30. Melanoma is a type of cancer that develops from _______.
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- (a) Granulocytes
- (b) Melanocytes
- (c) Adipocyte
- (d) None of the above
- Ans. (b) Melanocytes Explanation: Melanoma develops from melanocytes, the cells that produce melanin.
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