In preparation for exams like the OSSSC LSI, Forester, and FG, understanding common diseases is crucial. These exams often test candidates’ knowledge of various health conditions, their causes, symptoms, and preventive measures. From infectious diseases like malaria and dengue fever to chronic conditions such as diabetes and heart disease, a thorough understanding of these ailments is necessary. Through comprehensive study and review of these diseases, candidates can enhance their chances of success in the examination and contribute to the promotion of public health in their respective roles.
Top 30 Common Diseases MCQs for OSSSC LSI, Forester, FG
These MCQs provide a glimpse into the diverse range of common diseases and their causes. By familiarizing themselves with the top 30 common diseases, candidates can better prepare to answer multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and demonstrate their proficiency in healthcare knowledge.
- What causes malaria in humans?
A. Bacteria
B. Virus
C. Protozoa
D. Fungus
Answer: C. Protozoa
Explanation: Malaria is caused by the Plasmodium parasite, which is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. - Which virus causes COVID-19?
A. Influenza virus
B. SARS-CoV-2 virus
C. HIV virus
D. Ebola virus
Answer: B. SARS-CoV-2 virus
Explanation: COVID-19 is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. - Which disease is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?
A. Tuberculosis
B. Hepatitis A
C. AIDS
D. Malaria
Answer: C. AIDS
Explanation: AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which attacks the body’s immune system. - What is a serious blood infection caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream?
A) Septicaemia
B) Malaria
C) Dengue fever
D) InfluenzaAnswer: A) SepticaemiaExplanation: Septicaemia is a serious condition characterized by a blood infection caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream. It can lead to blood poisoning and can be life-threatening if left untreated. - What condition occurs when the body damages its own tissues in response to a severe infection?
A) Sepsis
B) Tuberculosis
C) Pneumonia
D) CholeraAnswer: A) SepsisExplanation: Sepsis is a condition that occurs when the body’s response to a severe infection causes it to damage its own tissues. It is a life-threatening condition and can lead to organ failure if not promptly treated. - Which of the following human organs is responsible for alcohol detoxification?
A) Lung
B) Liver
C) Kidney
D) IntestinesAnswer: B) LiverExplanation: The liver is responsible for alcohol detoxification. It detoxifies harmful substances through complex chemical reactions. - What substance is responsible for causing Arthritis in the joints of the body?
A) Albumin
B) Cholesterol
C) Urea
D) Uric acidAnswer: D) Uric acidExplanation: Arthritis is caused by the deposition of uric acid in joints and fluids within the body, leading to conditions like gout. - Dropsy disease is caused by the consumption of which substance?
A) Mustard oil
B) Kerosene oil
C) Sugar
D) SaltAnswer: A) Mustard oilExplanation: Dropsy disease is characterized by swelling of the body tissues due to the accumulation of fluids, caused by the consumption of adulterated mustard oil. - Diarrhoea is caused by which of the following vectors?
A) Amoeba
B) Bacteria
C) Fungus
D) RotavirusAnswer: D) RotavirusExplanation: Rotavirus is a group of RNA viruses and is the most common cause of severe diarrhoea among infants and young children. - Hysteria is a disease commonly found in which demographic?
A) Young men
B) Young women
C) Old women
D) None of theseAnswer: B) Young womenExplanation: Hysteria is a disease commonly found in young women and is characterized by symptoms such as anxiety, discomfort, and faintness. - What disease is caused by swelling of the membrane over the spinal cord and brain?
(a) Paralysis
(b) Leukaemia
(c) Meningitis
(d) SclerosisAnswer: (c) MeningitisExplanation: Meningitis is a disease caused by the inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. - Anthophobia is the fear of which of the given options?
(a) Cats
(b) Water
(c) Fruits
(d) FlowersAnswer: (d) FlowersExplanation: Anthophobia is the fear of flowers. - Hydrophobia is caused by which of the following options?
(a) Virus
(b) Bacteria
(c) Protozoan
(d) FungusAnswer: (a) VirusExplanation: Hydrophobia is the fear of water caused by a virus, which is an old name for rabies, affecting the nervous system. - Which vector is responsible for yellow fever?
(a) Housefly
(b) Mosquito
(c) Water
(d) BacteriaAnswer: (b) MosquitoExplanation: Yellow fever is caused by the bite of a female mosquito named Aedes aegypti. - What happens in the body of a person suffering from dengue fever?
(a) His platelets decrease
(b) His sugar level increases
(c) His sugar level decreases
(d) His platelets increaseAnswer: (a) His platelets decreaseExplanation: When a person suffers from dengue fever, his platelet count decreases, leading to an excess of internal bleeding. - Which disease is caused due to the deficiency of iodine?
(a) Cancer
(b) Night Blindness
(c) Goitre
(d) RicketsAnswer: (c) GoitreExplanation: Goitre is caused by the deficiency of iodine, resulting in the enlargement of the thyroid gland in the neck. - What is the full form of MRI, a tool for diagnosis?
(a) Magnetic Resonance Index
(b) Magnetic Resonance Imaging
(c) Magnetic Resonance Information
(d) None of theseAnswer: (b) Magnetic Resonance ImagingExplanation: MRI stands for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, a test that uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create images of organs and structures inside the body. - Which substance is responsible for causing Ergotism disease?
(a) Polluted water
(b) Uncooked food
(c) Rotting vegetables
(d) Contaminated grainsAnswer: (d) Contaminated grainsExplanation: Ergotism disease is caused by the ingestion of contaminated grains, resulting from long-term ergot poisoning due to alkaloids produced by the Claviceps purpurea fungus. - What is the cause of Itai-Itai disease?
(a) Cadmium
(b) Lead
(c) Nickel
(d) MercuryAnswer: (a) CadmiumExplanation: Itai-Itai disease is caused by prolonged exposure to cadmium, resulting in severe pain in the bones and joints. - For which condition are BMD tests performed?
(a) Arthritis
(b) Osteomalacia
(c) Osteoporosis
(d) None of theseAnswer: (c) OsteoporosisExplanation: Bone Mineral Density (BMD) tests are performed to detect osteoporosis by measuring the amount of calcium and other minerals in the bone. - In medical terms, what is “Golden Hour” related to?
(a) Heart attack
(b) Cancer
(c) AIDS
(d) ChildbirthAnswer: (a) Heart attackExplanation: “Golden Hour” refers to the critical hour following the onset of a heart attack, during which most deaths occur. - Which of the following diseases is not treated under DPT vaccines?
(a) Polio
(b) Diphtheria
(c) Tetanus
(d) TyphoidAnswer: (d) TyphoidExplanation: DPT vaccines are given against diphtheria, polio, and tetanus, but not for typhoid. - What is a pandemic disease?
(a) Endemic
(b) Pandemic
(c) Epizootic
(d) None of theseAnswer: (b) PandemicExplanation: A pandemic disease is one that spreads across the world, affecting a large population. For example, COVID-19. - Which disease is caused by the ingestion of contaminated grains?
(a) Malaria
(b) Influenza
(c) Tuberculosis
(d) ErgotismAnswer: (d) ErgotismExplanation: Ergotism is caused by the consumption of grains contaminated with ergot fungi, leading to symptoms such as convulsions and gangrene. - What is the cause of Anthrax disease?
(a) Bacteria
(b) Virus
(c) Protozoa
(d) FungusAnswer: (a) BacteriaExplanation: Anthrax disease is caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, which affects both humans and animals. - What type of drugs prevent transplanted organs from being rejected in recipients?
(a) Thrombin
(b) Cyclosporine
(c) Aspirin
(d) None of the aboveAnswer: (b) CyclosporineExplanation: Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressant medication commonly used to prevent organ rejection in transplant recipients. - Where do T lymphocytes mature?
(a) Spleen
(b) Thymus
(c) Pituitary gland
(d) Adrenal glandAnswer: (b) ThymusExplanation: T lymphocytes, or T cells, travel to the thymus gland to mature after being produced in the bone marrow. - Which gland is at its largest in children but shrinks and gets replaced by fat with the onset of puberty?
(a) Thymus
(b) Hypothalamus
(c) Parathyroid gland
(d) None of the aboveAnswer: (a) ThymusExplanation: The thymus gland is largest in children but undergoes involution during puberty, eventually becoming replaced by fat. - Where does Ascaris lumbricoides, a parasitic roundworm, live?
(a) Humans
(b) Grasshoppers
(c) Pigs
(d) None of the aboveAnswer: (a) HumansExplanation: Ascaris lumbricoides primarily infects humans and lives in the intestines. - Which disease has been eradicated?
(a) Smallpox
(b) Rinderpest
(c) Polio
(d) All of the aboveAnswer: (d) All of the aboveExplanation: Smallpox, rinderpest, and polio are all examples of diseases that have been successfully eradicated or are nearing eradication through vaccination programs and public health efforts.
