Preparing for competitive exams like OSSSC RI, ARI, Amin, SFS, and ICDS Supervisor often requires a strong understanding of various subjects, including Environment and Climate. Here are 30 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) to help you prepare effectively.
Top 30 Environment and Climate MCQS For OSSSC RI,ARI, Amin, SFS, ICDS Supervisor
- Which of these layers of the atmosphere consists of the ozone layer that is responsible for absorbing the Ultra-Violet (UV) light?
a. Troposphere
b. Mesosphere
c. Stratosphere
d. None of these
Answer: (c) Stratosphere - Which of these are essential non-metallic minerals?
a. Coal, silica, clay, cement
b. Iron, copper, aluminium, zinc
c. Gold, platinum, silver
d. Granite, limestone, marble
Answer: (a) Coal, silica, clay, cement - What is the estimated percentage of forest land that India should ideally have?
a. 15%
b. 50%
c. 44%
d. 33%
Answer: (d) 33% - An extensive number of chains interlinked in an ecosystem forms a __________ together.
a. Food chain
b. Food web
c. Carbon cycle
d. Nitrogen cycle
Answer: (b) Food web - Which of these elements is considered to be the largest source of commercial energy consumption in the world?
a. Nuclear
b. Natural gas
c. Oil
d. Coal
Answer: (c) Oil - Which one of these does NOT refer to the direct use of forest products?
a. Grass for grazing
b. Gums and resins
c. Medicine
d. Bamboo for baskets
Answer: (b) Gums and resins - Which of these does not constitute to be a reason for the loss of forests?
a. Extinction of species
b. Increasing use of wood
c. Building dams and mining
d. Extensive usage of fuel woods
Answer: (a) Extinction of species - Which of these days is celebrated in the form of World Environment Day all around the world?
a. July 5th
b. June 10th
c. October 20th
d. June 5th
Answer: (d) June 5th - In which of these following can we find brackish water ecosystems?
a. Wetlands
b. Streams
c. Deltas
d. Coastal shallows
Answer: (c) Deltas - Which drug is associated with the tea or coffee plant source?
a. Camphor
b. Caffeine
c. Thorn Apple
d. Opium Poppy
Answer: (b) Caffeine - How many total numbers of biodiversity hotspots are there in the world?
a. 36
b. 32
c. 28
d. 18
Answer: (a) 36 - Which of these is the most naturally occurring and frequent disaster?
a. Tsunami
b. Drought
c. Earthquake
d. Flood
Answer: (d) Flood - Which two forms of alcohol do we include in biofuels?
a. Methanol and Ethanol
b. Propanol and Ethanol
c. Propanol and Methanol
d. None of the above
Answer: (a) Methanol and Ethanol - Which of these gases is not permitted to be released by the Prevention and Control of Pollution Act by the Government?
a. Sulphur Dioxide
b. Carbon Monoxide
c. Nitrogen Oxide
d. All of the above
Answer: (d) All of the above - In which of these years was the Forest Conservation Act amended?
a. 1978
b. 1988
c. 1963
d. 1952
Answer: (b) 1988 - For short-term climatic predictions, which one of the following events, detected in the last decade, is associated with occasional weak monsoon rains in the Indian subcontinent?
A. La Nina
B. Movement of jet streams
C. El Nino and southern oscillations
D. Green-house effect on global level
Answer: C
Explanation: El Niño and the Southern Oscillation, also known as ENSO, is a periodic fluctuation in sea surface temperature (El Niño) and the air pressure of the overlying atmosphere (Southern Oscillation) across the equatorial Pacific Ocean. This phenomenon is associated with occasional weak monsoon rains in the Indian subcontinent. - Which of the following functions performed by a forest help most in controlling drought?
A. Forests act as water sheds
B. Forests bring rainfall in monsoon
C. Forests lower the temperature of the environment
D. Forests prevent soil erosion
Answer: B
Explanation: Forests bring rainfall in monsoon, which helps in recovering the water loss that can lead to drought. - India’s first sponge iron plant is at
A. Kothagudam
B. Kurnool
C. Cuddappah
D. Kavaratti
Answer: A
Explanation: India’s first sponge iron plant is at Kothagudam. Established in 1982, the plant was inaugurated by the then President of India, Gyani Zail Singh. It was the first sponge plant in Asia and operated with a significant profit until 2000. - Which of the following are the main reasons for the origin of the south-west monsoon in India?
I. Development of a low pressure in north-west India
II. Deflection of trade winds
III. Arrival of cyclonic stream from the Pacific Ocean
IV. Heating of the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal
A. I, II and III
B. I and II
C. II and III
D. III and IV
Answer: B
Explanation: The main reasons for the origin of the south-west monsoon in India are the development of a low-pressure area in north-west India and the deflection of trade winds. These winds originate in the Southern Hemisphere, cross the Equator, and get deflected to the right by the Coriolis force in the Northern Hemisphere. - Which of the following states receives rainfall due to western disturbances?
A. Punjab
B. West Bengal
C. Kerala
D. Gujarat
Answer: A
Explanation: Punjab receives rainfall due to western disturbances. These are extra tropical storms that originate over the Mediterranean and flow toward the east. In India, they bring winter rainfall to states like Punjab, Haryana, and western Uttar Pradesh. - Economically the most important forests of India are
A. Tidal forest
B. Thorn forest
C. Evergreen forest
D. Tropical deciduous forest
Answer: D
Explanation: Economically, the most important forests of India are the tropical deciduous forests. These forests are significant for export, import, and revenue. - Consider the following statement and identify with the help of the code the tree with which the statement is related to:
“The branches of this tree root themselves like new trees over a large area. The roots then give rise to more trunks and branches. Because of this characteristic and its longevity, this tree is considered immortal and is an integral part of the myths and legends of India.”
A. Banyan
B. Neem
C. Tamarind (Imli)
D. Peepal
Answer: A
Explanation: The banyan tree’s branches root themselves like new trees over a large area. The roots give rise to more trunks and branches, making the tree appear immortal and an integral part of India’s myths and legends. - Indian monsoon is marked by seasonal shift caused by ________
A. Differential heating of land and sea
B. Cold winds of Central Asia
C. Great uniformity of temperature
D. None of these
Answer: A
Explanation: The Indian monsoon is marked by a seasonal shift caused by the differential heating of land and sea. This differential heating causes monsoon winds, which are crucial for India’s climate. - During the monsoon season, rainfall decreases from the Ganga delta to the Punjab plains. It is because ________
A. Monsoon current moves westward along the Ganga plain and becomes drier
B. Western regions are warmer than the eastern region
C. Hills do not form barriers for winds
D. The area is far away from the sea
Answer: A
Explanation: During the monsoon season, rainfall decreases from the Ganga delta to the Punjab plains because the monsoon current moves westward along the Ganga plain and becomes drier. - Arrange the following cities in decreasing order of the rainfall they receive from the south-west monsoons in summer months:
Allahabad
Kolkata
Delhi
Patna
A. 2, 4, 1, 3
B. 3, 1, 4, 2
C. 1, 4, 3, 2
D. 2, 4, 3, 1
Answer: D
Explanation: The cities in decreasing order of the rainfall they receive from the south-west monsoons in summer months are Kolkata, Patna, Delhi, and Allahabad. - The western disturbances which cause winter rain in India originate in
A. Pakistan
B. Bay of Bengal
C. West Asia
D. Himalayas
Answer: C
Explanation: The western disturbances, which cause winter rain in India, originate in West Asia. These disturbances are associated with rainfall, snowfall, and fog in northern India. - The place to receive annual rainfall below 50 cm is
A. Meghalaya
B. Leh in Kashmir
C. Coromandel Coast
D. Konkan Coast
Answer: B
Explanation: Leh in Kashmir is a cold desert and receives very little rainfall (<50 cm). In contrast, Meghalaya and the Konkan coast receive heavy rainfall (>200 cm), and the Coromandel coast receives more than 100 cm of rain due to the retreating monsoon. - Which one of the following states receives the highest rainfall during winter months?
A. Punjab
B. Kerala
C. Meghalaya
D. Tamil Nadu
Answer: D
Explanation: Tamil Nadu receives the highest rainfall during winter months due to its location on the windward side of the Eastern Ghats and the northeast monsoon winds. - Mumbai receives more rainfall than Pune because ________
A. Mumbai is on the windward side
B. Pune is at a greater elevation
C. Mumbai is a coastal city
D. Pune has greater vegetation than Mumbai
Answer: A
Explanation: Mumbai receives more rainfall than Pune because it is located on the windward side of the Western Ghats, whereas Pune is on the leeward side. - The temperature of Thiruvananthapuram is lower than that of Mumbai in May and higher than that of Mumbai in January, because ________
A. Thiruvananthapuram has cold current and Mumbai is faced with warm current
B. Thiruvananthapuram has higher rainfall in summer and it is nearer to the equator
C. Thiruvananthapuram is on the windward side and Mumbai is on the leeward side
D. Thiruvananthapuram is vegetated while Mumbai is not
Answer: B
