Preparing for entrance exams requires a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter and thorough practice. For those aspiring to pursue a Bachelor of Education (B.Ed) in Odisha, mastering the fundamentals of Physical Science is crucial. To aid in your preparation, here are the top 30 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) in Physical Science tailored for the Odisha B.Ed Entrance Exam:
Top 30 Physical Science MCQs For Odisha B.Ed Entrance Exam
- Which of the following statements about sound is true?
(a) Sound travels faster in vacuum than in air.
(b) Sound can only travel through solids.
(c) Sound is a form of electromagnetic radiation.
(d) Sound requires a medium to propagate.
Answer: (d) Sound requires a medium to propagate.Explanation: Sound waves are mechanical waves that require a medium (such as air, water, or solids) to propagate.
They cannot travel through a vacuum. - What type of wave are sound waves?
(a) Transverse waves
(b) Electromagnetic waves
(c) Longitudinal waves
(d) Standing waves
Answer: (c) Longitudinal waves
Explanation: Sound waves are longitudinal waves, where the particles of the medium oscillate parallel to the direction of wave propagation. - Which property of sound determines its pitch?
(a) Amplitude
(b) Wavelength
(c) Frequency
(d) Speed
Answer: (c) Frequency
Explanation: The pitch of sound is determined by its frequency. Higher frequencies correspond to higher pitches, while lower frequencies correspond to lower pitches. - What is the speed of sound in air at room temperature (approximately)?
(a) 343 meters per second
(b) 1500 meters per second
(c) 299,792 kilometers per second
(d) 0 meters per second
Answer: (a) 343 meters per second
Explanation: At room temperature (around 20°C), sound travels at approximately 343 meters per second in dry air. - Which phenomenon describes the change in frequency of sound waves due to relative motion between the source and the observer?
(a) Reflection
(b) Diffraction
(c) Refraction
(d) Doppler effect
Answer: (d) Doppler effect
Explanation: The Doppler effect describes the change in frequency (and wavelength) of sound waves perceived by an observer due to relative motion between the source and the observer. - What is the speed of light in a vacuum?
(a) 299,792 meters per second
(b) 299,792 kilometers per second
(c) 186,282 meters per second
(d) 186,282 kilometers per second
Answer: (b) 299,792 kilometers per second
Explanation: The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately 299,792 kilometers per second. - Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of light?
(a) Wavelength
(b) Speed
(c) Mass
(d) Charge
Answer: (d) Charge
Explanation: Light does not have a charge; it consists of oscillating electric and magnetic fields. - Light waves with shorter wavelengths appear as which color?
(a) Red
(b) Green
(c) Violet
(d) Yellow
Answer: (c) Violet
Explanation: Shorter wavelengths of light correspond to colors towards the blue-violet end of the spectrum. - What is the particle associated with light?
(a) Proton
(b) Neutron
(c) Electron
(d) Photon
Answer: (d) Photon
Explanation: Photons are the particles associated with light, having energy and momentum but no mass. - Which phenomenon describes light interfering with itself?
(a) Diffraction
(b) Reflection
(c) Refraction
(d) Absorption
Answer: (a) Diffraction
Explanation: Diffraction is the phenomenon where light waves bend around obstacles and spread out, causing interference patterns. - What is temperature?
(A) The amount of heat energy in a substance
(B) The average kinetic energy of particles in a substance
(C) The total internal energy of a substance
(D) The density of a substance
Answer: (B) The average kinetic energy of particles in a substance
Explanation: Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance. - Which temperature scale is based on the freezing and boiling points of water at standard atmospheric pressure?
(A) Kelvin
(B) Fahrenheit
(C) Celsius
(D) Rankine
Answer: (C) Celsius
Explanation: The Celsius scale is based on the freezing point (0°C) and boiling point (100°C) of water at standard atmospheric pressure. - On the Fahrenheit scale, at what temperature does water freeze?
(A) 0°F
(B) 100°F
(C) 32°F
(D) 212°F
Answer: (C) 32°F
Explanation: Water freezes at 32°F on the Fahrenheit scale. - Which temperature scale is commonly used as the standard unit of temperature in scientific applications?
(A) Celsius
(B) Fahrenheit
(C) Kelvin
(D) Rankine
Answer: (C) Kelvin
Explanation: The Kelvin scale is commonly used as the standard unit of temperature in scientific applications. - Which instrument uses a glass tube filled with a liquid that expands or contracts with temperature changes?
(A) Digital thermometer
(B) Thermocouple
(C) Thermometer
(D) Infrared thermometer
Answer: (C) Thermometer
Explanation: A thermometer typically consists of a glass tube filled with a liquid (such as mercury or alcohol) that expands or contracts with temperature changes. - What is the fundamental property of matter associated with the presence of electric charge?
(a) Mass
(b) Density
(c) Volume
(d) Electric Charge
Answer: (d) Electric Charge
Explanation: Electric charge is a fundamental property of matter. - What is the unit of electric current?
(a) Volts
(b) Ohms
(c) Amperes
(d) Watts
Answer: (c) Amperes
Explanation: Electric current is measured in amperes (A). - Which component of an electric circuit stores electrical energy in the form of a magnetic field?
(a) Resistor
(b) Capacitor
(c) Inductor
(d) Transformer
Answer: (c) Inductor
Explanation: An inductor stores electrical energy in the form of a magnetic field. - What law governs the conservation of electric charge in an electric circuit?
(a) Newton’s Law
(b) Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law
(c) Faraday’s Law
(d) Kirchhoff’s Current Law
Answer: (d) Kirchhoff’s Current Law
Explanation: Kirchhoff’s Current Law governs the conservation of electric charge. - What principle relates the voltage, current, and resistance in an electric circuit?
(a) Faraday’s Law
(b) Ohm’s Law
(c) Ampère’s Law
(d) Lenz’s Law
Answer: (b) Ohm’s Law
Explanation: Ohm’s Law relates voltage, current, and resistance. - What did Galileo’s answer to Aristotle’s question lay the foundation for?
(A) Newtonian mechanics
(B) Einstein’s theory of relativity
(C) Quantum mechanics
(D) Electromagnetism
Answer: (A) Newtonian mechanics
Explanation: Galileo’s answer led to the development of Newtonian mechanics, which revolutionized our understanding of motion. - What does the Law of Inertia state?
(A) Objects in motion tend to slow down unless acted upon by a force.
(B) Objects at rest remain at rest unless acted upon by a force, and objects in motion remain in motion unless acted upon by a force.
(C) Objects at rest remain at rest, and objects in motion slow down gradually.
(D) Objects in motion change direction unless acted upon by a force.
Answer: (B) Objects at rest remain at rest unless acted upon by a force, and objects in motion remain in motion unless acted upon by a force.
Explanation: This statement summarizes the Law of Inertia, as formulated by Newton. - Who laid the groundwork for Newton’s First Law of Motion?
(A) Isaac Newton
(B) Galileo Galilei
(C) Aristotle
(D) Albert Einstein
Answer: (B) Galileo Galilei
Explanation: Galileo’s observations on the behavior of moving objects influenced Newton’s formulation of the First Law. - What is inertia?
(A) The tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion
(B) The tendency of an object to move with constant velocity
(C) The force required to accelerate an object
(D) The force exerted by an object in motion
Answer: (A) The tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion
Explanation: Inertia is the property of matter that describes its resistance to changes in motion. - If the net external force acting on an object is zero, what is its acceleration according to Newton’s First Law?
(A) Zero
(B) Constant
(C) Increasing
(D) Decreasing
Answer: (A) Zero
Explanation: The First Law states that if the net external force acting on an object is zero, its acceleration is also zero. - Which of the following examples best illustrates Newton’s First Law of Motion?
(A) A car comes to a stop when the brakes are applied.
(B) A soccer ball rolls across a field after being kicked.
(C) A rocket accelerates into space after liftoff.
(D) A book falls to the ground when released from a height.
Answer: B) A soccer ball rolls across a field after being kicked.
Explanation: This example demonstrates how an object in motion remains in motion unless acted upon by an external force. - Which of the following is NOT a component of a chemical equation?
(a) Reactants
(b) Products
(c) Substances
(d) Coefficients
Answer: (c) Substances
Explanation: Substances are represented by chemical formulas in a chemical equation, but they are not separate components. - What is the purpose of balancing a chemical equation?
(a) To make it look symmetrical
(b) To satisfy aesthetic preferences
(c) To ensure the conservation of mass
(d) To make it easier to read
Answer: c) To ensure the conservation of mass.
Explanation: Balancing a chemical equation ensures that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation, satisfying the law of conservation of mass. - What does the coefficient represent in a chemical equation?
(a) The number of atoms in a molecule
(b) The ratio of reactants to products
(c) The phase of matter
(d) The number of molecules
Answer: (b) The ratio of reactants to products
Explanation: The coefficient indicates the relative amounts of reactants and products involved in the reaction. - Which of the following is NOT a type of chemical reaction?
(a) Combustion
(b) Melting
(c) Decomposition
(d) Oxidation-reduction
Answer: (b) Melting
Explanation: Melting is a physical change, not a chemical reaction.
