Chemical Formula Table, Definition, Types, Example, All Names List

Chemical formula: Each constituent element in a compound is recognized by its chemical symbol, and the chemical formula shows the proportionate number of atoms. A chemical formula is the use of chemical element symbols, numbers, and, on occasion, other symbols such as parentheses, dashes, brackets, commas, and plus (+) and minus (-) signs to represent information about the chemical proportions of atoms that make up a specific chemical compound or molecule.

Chemical Formula

The chemical formula represents the chemical composition of a compound symbolically. Chemical formulas show the components that comprise the molecules of a chemical, as well as the ratio whereby their atoms join to produce those molecules. A molecule of water, for example, is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, according to the molecular formula of water, H2O.

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These proportions in empirical equations begin with a key element before assigning atom counts for the remaining components of the compound in connection with the key element. When applied to molecular compounds, these ratio values are all whole integers. Because all ethanol molecules contain two carbon atoms, six hydrogen atoms, and one oxygen atom, its empirical formula is C2H6O.

Chemical Formula Definition

A chemical formula identifies each element by its chemical symbol and indicates the proportionate number of atoms of each element. In chemical formulae, these proportions begin with a key element and then assign numbers of atoms of the other elements in the compound, by ratios to the key element.

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Chemical Formula Types

While the phrase ‘chemical formula’ normally refers to a compound’s molecular formula, the compositions of chemical compounds can be stated in a variety of ways, which are detailed below.

• Molecular Formula: The molecular formula gives information about the number of elements in a compound. The elements are denoted by their respective symbols (as in the periodic table) in molecular formulae, and the number of atoms of each element in the molecule is written in subscripts. The chemical formula for glucose, for example, is C6H12O6.

• Empirical Formula: The empirical formula of a chemical compound represents the elemental ratio of that substance. Typically, empirical equations are derived from the examination of experimental data. One carbon atom, three hydrogen atoms, and one oxygen atom make up the simplest ratio of the empirical formula for ethanol, which is CH3O.

• Structural formula: The atoms of a molecule are arranged in this type of chemical formula.
• Ball-and-stick model: This is a picture of a molecule in three dimensions. Molecule structures and their interactions can be depicted using ball-and-stick models.

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How Do I Write a Chemical Formula?

A chemical formula, as previously stated, is a symbolic statement that represents the number of atoms contained in a molecular material. We can tell what type of atom it is by its symbol, thus for Hydrogen, we’ll use H. The subscript linked to the symbol determines the number of atoms. Water has two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom in its chemical formula, H2O.

How to Write a Chemical Formula –

Step 1: First, you must determine the sort of bond.
If the prefixes are utilized, the bond is covalent. It is an ionic bond if there are no prefixes.

Step 2: Make a note of the symbol for the polyatomic ion or element.

Step 3: If the prefix was utilized, you must now add a subscript. To balance the charge, you’ll also need to include a subscript.

All Chemical Formula Tables for Class 11 and 12

The table below consists of various chemical formulas.

Chemical Formula with Name

List of the first 108 chemical formulas for various compounds:

1. H2O – Water
2. NH3 – Ammonia
3. CH4 – Methane
4. CO2 – Carbon Dioxide
5. O2 – Oxygen Gas
6. H2 – Hydrogen Gas
7. N2 – Nitrogen Gas
8. NaCl – Sodium Chloride (Salt)
9. HCl – Hydrochloric Acid
10. H2SO4 – Sulfuric Acid
11. HNO3 – Nitric Acid
12. C6H12O6 – Glucose
13. C12H22O11 – Sucrose (Table Sugar)
14. CaCO3 – Calcium Carbonate
15. Fe2O3 – Iron(III) Oxide (Rust)
16. CO – Carbon Monoxide
17. Cl2 – Chlorine Gas
18. SO2 – Sulfur Dioxide
19. H2O2 – Hydrogen Peroxide
20. H2S – Hydrogen Sulfide
21. NaOH – Sodium Hydroxide (Lye)
22. C2H5OH – Ethanol (Alcohol)
23. C6H5OH – Phenol
24. C6H6 – Benzene
25. C2H4 – Ethene
26. C2H6 – Ethane
27. CH3COOH – Acetic Acid
28. HC2H3O2 – Acetate Ion
29. NO2 – Nitrogen Dioxide
30. SO4^2- – Sulfate Ion
31. PO4^3- – Phosphate Ion
32. O3 – Ozone
33. H2CO3 – Carbonic Acid
34. Na2CO3 – Sodium Carbonate
35. MgSO4 – Magnesium Sulfate
36. KNO3 – Potassium Nitrate
37. Ca(OH)2 – Calcium Hydroxide
38. FeSO4 – Iron(II) Sulfate
39. Al2O3 – Aluminum Oxide
40. NaHCO3 – Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda)
41. C6H5COOH – Benzoic Acid
42. C4H10 – Butane
43. C3H8 – Propane
44. C2H2 – Ethyne (Acetylene)
45. H2SiO3 – Silicic Acid
46. H2PO4^- – Dihydrogen Phosphate Ion
47. C2H3Cl – Vinyl Chloride
48. C3H6O – Acetone
49. Na2SO4 – Sodium Sulfate
50. KMnO4 – Potassium Permanganate
51. NaNO3 – Sodium Nitrate
52. FeCl3 – Iron(III) Chloride
53. NH4OH – Ammonium Hydroxide
54. C6H4OH – Hydroquinone
55. H2C2O4 – Oxalic Acid
56. C6H5CH3 – Toluene
57. C7H6O2 – Salicylic Acid
58. C7H6O3 – Aspirin
59. C8H10 – Xylene
60. C6H5NH2 – Aniline
61. C5H5N – Pyridine
62. C6H5NO2 – Nitrobenzene
63. H3PO4 – Phosphoric Acid
64. Ca3(PO4)2 – Calcium Phosphate
65. FeS – Iron(II) Sulfide
66. NaClO – Sodium Hypochlorite
67. CH3COCH3 – Acetophenone
68. NaCN – Sodium Cyanide
69. C6H5CHO – Benzaldehyde
70. C6H5COCH3 – Acetophenone
71. C2H4O2 – Acetic Anhydride
72. CH3CH2COCH3 – Butanone (Methyl Ethyl Ketone)
73. C6H5COCH2C6H5 – Acetylbenzene (Acetophenone)
74. C6H5COOH – Benzoic Acid
75. C6H5COC6H5 – Benzophenone
76. C10H14N2 – Nicotine
77. C6H5COC6H5 – Benzil
78. C10H12O2 – Vanillin
79. C10H14N2O – Caffeine
80. C9H8O4 – Aspirin
81. C12H10O4 – Terephthalic Acid
82. C14H8O4 – Anthraquinone
83. C12H8O4 – Resorcinol
84. C15H10O4 – Hydroquinone
85. C12H9N – Quinoline
86. C10H7N – Indole
87. C9H6N2O2 – Barbituric Acid
88. C7H5N3O6 – TNT (Trinitrotoluene)
89. C6H2(NO2)3CH3 – Tetryl
90. C7H5N5 – Caffeine
91. C6H5N3O9 – Nitroglycerin
92. C6H12N2O4S2 – Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
93. C6H8O6 – Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)
94. C12H17N4O4S – Coenzyme A
95. C10H16N2O3S – Acetyl-CoA
96. C21H28O2 – Progesterone
97. C21H30O5 – Cortisol
98. C21H20O6 – Estrone
99. C22H32O2 – Testosterone
100. C19H28O2 – Prostaglandin E2
101. C24H30O4 – Cholesterol
102. C5H11NO2S – Cysteine
103. C6H13NO2 – Arginine
104. C5H9NO4 – Glutamine
105. C6H13NO5 – Asparagine
106. C9H11NO3 – Tyrosine
107. C5H9NO4 – Aspartic Acid
108. C3H7NO2 – Serine

Chemical Formula Importance for Class 11, 12 Students

Chemical formulas are important for a variety of reasons, including:

• Identifying chemicals: compounds can be recognized and set apart from other compounds using their chemical formulae. For instance, water has the chemical formula H2O, indicating that it is a mixture of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. This equation can be used to discriminate between water and other substances like sulfuric acid (H2SO4) or carbon dioxide (CO2).
• Calculating the mass of a compound: A compound’s chemical formula can be used to determine its mass. This is the case because the mass of a compound is equal to the sum of the masses of its atoms. One molecule of water, for instance, has an atomic mass of 18 amu, which is the result of adding the masses of two hydrogen atoms (1 amu each) and one oxygen atom (16 amu).
• Understanding the properties of a compound: A compound’s qualities can be understood by thinking about its chemical formula. For instance, we know that water is a polar molecule because its chemical formula (H2O) indicates that it has both a positive and a negative end. Many of water’s characteristics, including its high boiling point and propensity to dissolve ionic substances, are due to this characteristic.
• Designing new compounds: New compounds with desired qualities can be created using chemical formulae. For instance, a scientist can search for compounds with chemical formulas comparable to water if they wish to create a novel compound that is soluble in water.

Chemical All Formula Steps to Write?

Here are the steps on how to write a chemical formula:

1. Identify the elements present in the compound. The chemical symbol for each element is used to represent it in a chemical formula. The chemical symbols are based on the Latin names of the elements.
2. Determine the number of atoms of each element present in the compound. The number of atoms of each element is indicated by a subscript following the chemical symbol. If there is only one atom of an element, the subscript is not written.
3. Write the chemical formula in the following order:
   • Metals: Write the symbol for the metal first, followed by the subscript for the number of atoms of the metal.
   • Nonmetals: Write the symbols for the nonmetals in alphabetical order, followed by the subscripts for the number of atoms of each nonmetal.
   • Polyatomic ions: Write the symbol for the polyatomic ion, followed by the subscript for the number of ions.
4. Check the formula to make sure that the charges are balanced. If the compound is ionic, the positive and negative charges must be balanced. This means that the sum of the positive charges must equal the sum of the negative charges.

रासायनिक सूत्र कक्षा 12- Chemical Formula with Name in Hindi

यौगिकों के लिए पहले 108 रासायनिक सूत्रों की सूची:

H2O – पानी
NH3 – अमोनिया
CH4 – मीथेन
CO2 – कार्बन डाइऑक्साइड
O2 – ऑक्सीजन गैस
H2 – हाइड्रोजन गैस
N2 – नाइट्रोजन गैस
NaCl – सोडियम क्लोराइड (नमक)
एचसीएल – हाइड्रोक्लोरिक एसिड
H2SO4 – सल्फ्यूरिक एसिड
HNO3 – नाइट्रिक एसिड
C6H12O6 – ग्लूकोज
C12H22O11 – सुक्रोज (टेबल शुगर)
CaCO3 – कैल्शियम कार्बोनेट
Fe2O3 – आयरन(III) ऑक्साइड (जंग)
सीओ – कार्बन मोनोऑक्साइड
सीएल2 – क्लोरीन गैस
SO2-सल्फर डाइऑक्साइड
H2O2 – हाइड्रोजन पेरोक्साइड
H2S – हाइड्रोजन सल्फाइड
NaOH – सोडियम हाइड्रॉक्साइड (लाइ)
C2H5OH – इथेनॉल (अल्कोहल)
C6H5OH – फिनोल
C6H6 – बेंजीन
C2H4 – एथीन
C2H6 – इथेन
CH3COOH – एसिटिक अम्ल
HC2H3O2 – एसीटेट आयन
NO2 – नाइट्रोजन डाइऑक्साइड
SO4^2–सल्फेट आयन
PO4^3- – फॉस्फेट आयन
O3 – ओजोन
H2CO3 – कार्बोनिक एसिड
Na2CO3 – सोडियम कार्बोनेट
MgSO4 – मैग्नीशियम सल्फेट
KNO3 – पोटेशियम नाइट्रेट
Ca(OH)2 – कैल्शियम हाइड्रॉक्साइड
FeSO4 – आयरन(II) सल्फेट
Al2O3 – एल्यूमिनियम ऑक्साइड
NaHCO3 – सोडियम बाइकार्बोनेट (बेकिंग सोडा)
C6H5COOH – बेंजोइक एसिड
C4H10 – ब्यूटेन
C3H8 – प्रोपेन
C2H2 – एथाइन (एसिटिलीन)
H2SiO3 – सिलिकिक एसिड
H2PO4^- – डाइहाइड्रोजन फॉस्फेट आयन
C2H3Cl – विनाइल क्लोराइड
C3H6O – एसीटोन
Na2SO4 – सोडियम सल्फेट
KMnO4 – पोटेशियम परमैंगनेट
NaNO3 – सोडियम नाइट्रेट
FeCl3 – आयरन(III) क्लोराइड
NH4OH – अमोनियम हाइड्रॉक्साइड
C6H4OH – हाइड्रोक्विनोन
H2C2O4 – ऑक्सालिक एसिड
C6H5CH3 – टोल्यूनि
C7H6O2 – सैलिसिलिक एसिड
C7H6O3 – एस्पिरिन
C8H10 – ज़ाइलीन
C6H5NH2 – एनिलीन
C5H5N – पाइरीडीन
C6H5NO2 – नाइट्रोबेंजीन
H3PO4 – फॉस्फोरिक एसिड
Ca3(PO4)2 – कैल्शियम फॉस्फेट
FeS – आयरन (II) सल्फाइड
NaClO – सोडियम हाइपोक्लोराइट
CH3COCH3 – एसिटोफेनोन
NaCN – सोडियम सायनाइड
C6H5CHO – बेंजाल्डिहाइड
C6H5COCH3 – एसिटोफेनोन
C2H4O2 – एसिटिक एनहाइड्राइड
CH3CH2COCH3 – ब्यूटेनोन (मिथाइल एथिल कीटोन)
C6H5COCH2C6H5 – एसिटाइलबेन्जीन (एसिटोफेनोन)
C6H5COOH – बेंजोइक एसिड
C6H5COC6H5 – बेंज़ोफेनोन
C10H14N2 – निकोटीन
C6H5COC6H5 – बेंज़िल
C10H12O2 – वैनिलिन
C10H14N2O – कैफीन
C9H8O4 – एस्पिरिन
C12H10O4 – टेरेफ्थेलिक एसिड
C14H8O4 – एन्थ्राक्विनोन
C12H8O4 – रेसोरिसिनोल
C15H10O4 – हाइड्रोक्विनोन
C12H9N – क्विनोलिन
C10H7N – इंडोल
C9H6N2O2 – बार्बिट्यूरिक एसिड
C7H5N3O6 – टीएनटी (ट्रिनिट्रोटोलुइन)
C6H2(NO2)3CH3 – टेट्रिल
C7H5N5 – कैफीन
C6H5N3O9 – नाइट्रोग्लिसरीन
C6H12N2O4S2 – थायमिन (विटामिन B1)
C6H8O6 – एस्कॉर्बिक एसिड (विटामिन सी)
C12H17N4O4S – कोएंजाइम ए
C10H16N2O3S – एसिटाइल-सीओए
C21H28O2 – प्रोजेस्टेरोन
C21H30O5 – कोर्टिसोल
C21H20O6 – एस्ट्रोन
C22H32O2 – टेस्टोस्टेरोन
C19H28O2 – प्रोस्टाग्लैंडीन E2
C24H30O4 – कोलेस्ट्रॉल
C5H11NO2S – सिस्टीन
C6H13NO2 – आर्जिनिन
C5H9NO4 – ग्लूटामाइन
C6H13NO5 – शतावरी
C9H11NO3 – टायरोसिन
C5H9NO4 – एस्पार्टिक एसिड
C3H7NO2 – सेरीन

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