TNPSC Free Notes Economy In English -Important Industries In India

இந்தக் கட்டுரையில், TNPSC குரூப் 1, குரூப் 2, குரூப் 2A, குரூப் 4 மாநிலப் போட்டித் தேர்வுகளான TNUSRB, TRB, TET, TNEB போன்றவற்றுக்கான  முறைகள் இலவசக் குறிப்புகளைப் பெறுவீர்கள்.தேர்வுக்கு தயாராவோர் இங்குள்ள பாடக்குறிப்புகளை படித்து பயன்பெற வாழ்த்துகிறோம்.

Important Industries In India
Iron and steel industry
The First steel industry of India, West Bengal – Bengal ironworks company was established
at Kulti, Near Jharia in 1870.
The First large scale steel plant TISCO was established at Jamshedpur in 1907 followed by
IISCO at Burnpur in 1919. Both belong to private sector.
The first public sector unit was “Vishveshvaraya Iron and Steelworks” at Bhadrawati.
All these are managed by SAIL (at present, all important steel plants except TISCO, are
under public sector).
Steel Authority of India Ltd. (SAIL) was established in 1974 and was made responsible for
the development of the steel industry.
Presently India is the eighth largest steel producing country in the world.
Public sector steel plants
Location Assistance
Rourkela (Odisha) Germany
Bhilai (MP) Russia
Durgapur (WB) UK
Bokaro (Jharkhand) Russia
Burnpur (WB) Acquired from the private sector in 1976
Vishakhapatnam Russia

(AP)
Salem (Tamil Nadu) Government of India (No external assistance)
Vijayanagar
(Karnataka)

Government of India

Bhadrawati
(Karnataka)

Nationalisation of Visvesvaraya Iron and Steel Ltd. (owned by
Central and State government)

Jute industry
Jute industry is an important industry for a country like India, because not only it earns
foreign exchange but also provides substantial employment opportunities in agriculture
and industrial sectors.
Its first modernised industrial unit was established at Reshra in West Bengal in 1855.
The jute industry in the country is traditionally export oriented. India ranks number one in
the raw jute and jute goods production and number two in export of jute goods in the
world.

Cotton and textile industry
The Oldest industry of India, and employs the largest number of workers.
It is the largest organised and broad-based industry which accounts for 4% of GDP, 20% of
manufacturing value-added and one-third of total export earnings.
The first Indian modernised cotton cloth mill was established in 1818 at Fort Gloster near
Calcutta. But this mill was not successful. The second mill named “Mumbai’s Spinning
and Weaving Co.” was established in 1854 at Bombay by KGN Daber.
Sugar industry
Sugar industry is the second largest industry among agriculture-based industries in India.
India is now the largest producer and consumer of sugar in the world. Maharashtra
contributes over one-third of the Indian total sugar output, followed closely by Uttar
Pradesh.
Fertiliser industry
India is the third-largest producer of nitrogenous fertilisers in the world.
Paper industry

The first mechanised paper mill was set up in 1812 at Serampur in West Bengal. The
paper industry in India is ranked among the 15 top global paper industries.
Silk industry
India is the second-largest(first being China) country in the world in producing natural silk.
At present, India produces about 16% of silk of the world.
India enjoys the distinction of being the only country producing all the five known
commercial varieties of silk viz Mulberry, Tropical Tussar, Oak Tussar, Eri, and Muga.
Petroleum and natural gas
The first successful Oilwell was dug in India in 1889 at Digboi, Assam.
At present, a number of regions with oil reserves have been identified and oil is being
extracted in these regions.
For exploration purpose, Oil and Natural Gas Commission (ONGC) was established in 1956
at Dehradun, Uttarakhand.

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