TNPSC Free Notes Polity In English – Government of India Act of 1858

இந்தக் கட்டுரையில், TNPSC குரூப் 1, குரூப் 2, குரூப் 2A, குரூப் 4 மாநிலப் போட்டித் தேர்வுகளான TNUSRB, TRB, TET, TNEB போன்றவற்றுக்கான  முறைகள் இலவசக் குறிப்புகளைப் பெறுவீர்கள்.தேர்வுக்கு தயாராவோர் இங்குள்ள பாடக்குறிப்புகளை படித்து பயன்பெற வாழ்த்துகிறோம்.

Government of India Act of 1858

Introduction
The Government of India Act of 1858 was passed by the Parliament of England and received
royal assent on 2nd August 1858.

Background
 The history of constitutional development in India begins from the passing of the
Regulating Act in 1773. The Pitt’s India Act of 1784 and the successive Charter Acts from
1793 to 1853 form part of the constitutional changes under the East India Company’s
rule.
 The Revolt of 1857 brought about important changes in the British administration in
India. The rule of the East India Company came to an end. The administration of India
came under the direct control of the British Crown. These changes were announced in
the Government of India Act of 1858.
 The ‘Proclamation of Queen Victoria’ assured the Indians a benvelont administration.
Thereafter, important development had taken place in constitutional history of India as
a result of the Indian National Movement.
Provisions of the Act:
 East India Company’s rule came to an end and the Indian administration came under the
direct control of the Crown.
 In England, the Court of Directors and Board of Control were abolished. In their place
came the Secretary of State for India and India Council were established.
 The Secretary of State would be a member of the British cabinet. Sir Charles Wood was
made the first Secretary of State for India.
 India Council consisting of 15 members would assist him.
 The Governor General of India was also made the Viceroy of India. The first Viceroy of
India was Lord Canning.
 All the previous treaties were accepted and honored by the Act.
Queen Victoria’s Proclamation
 On 1 November 1858 the Proclamation of Queen Victoria was announced by Lord
Canning at Allahabad.
 This royal Proclamation was translated into Indian languages and publicly read in many
important places.

 It announced the end of Company’s rule in India and the Queen’s assumption of the
Government of India.
 It endorsed the treaty made by the Company with Indian princes and promised to
respect their rights, dignity and honour.
 It assured the Indian people equal and impartial protection of law and freedom of
religion and social practices.
 The Proclamation of Queen Victoria gave a practical shape to the Act of 1858.

**************************************************************************