TNPSC Indian National Movement (INM) Free Notes- Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose

இந்தக் கட்டுரையில், TNPSC குரூப் 1, குரூப் 2, குரூப் 2A, குரூப் 4 மாநிலப் போட்டித் தேர்வுகளான TNUSRB, TRB, TET, TNEB போன்றவற்றுக்கான முறைகள் இலவசக் குறிப்புகளைப் பெறுவீர்கள்.தேர்வுக்கு தயாராவோர் இங்குள்ள பாடக்குறிப்புகளை படித்து பயன்பெற வாழ்த்துகிறோம்.

Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose

Introduction
 23 January 1897 – Born in Cuttack, Orissa Division and Bengal.
 Father – Janakinath Bose. He was one of the successful lawyers in Cuttack and received
the title of “Rai Bahadur”, who later became a member of the Bengal Legislative Council.
 Mother – Prabhavati Dutt Bose.
 1918 – Bose joined the Scottish Church College at the University of Calcutta and passed
his B.A. in philosophy.
 1919 – Bose went England to appear in the Indian Civil Services (ICS) examination.
 July 1920 – Bose passed the Indian Civil Services examination securing fourth position.
 April 1921 – Bose resigned his ICS and returned to India.
 1921 – He made demonstrations in Calcutta and prisoned for 6 months.
 Bose regarded Chittaranjan Das, also known as Desh Bandhu, as his political guru.
 1923 – He became mayor of Calcutta. Also, he was elected as the President of All India
Youth Congress and the Secretary of Bengal State Congress.
 After release from jail, he had worked for flood relief in North Bengal.
 1924 – He was arrested and deported to Mandalay jail.

1927– He became the President of Bengal Congress after released from jail.
 Boycotted the Simon Commission
 He started the newspaper Swaraj and took charge of publicity for the Bengal Provincial
Congress Committee.
 He was also the editor of the newspaper "Forward", founded by Chittaranjan Das.
Indian Independence League – 1928
 1927 – Bose became general secretary of the Congress party and worked with Jawaharlal
Nehru for independence.
 April 1928 – Indian Independence League” was formed. Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhash
Chandra Bose as Secretaries. S. Srinivasa Iyengar as President.
 December 1928 – Annual Meeting of the Indian National Congress was organised in
Calcutta.
 He demanded Complete Independence in Calcutta congress meeting
1938 Haripura Session
 February 1938 – Congress meeting held in Haripura, Gujarat, Bose was unanimously
elected president of this session.
 Bose also talked of economic development of the country through planning and was
instrumental in setting up a National Planning Committee later.
 The session adopted a resolution that the Congress would give moral support to those
who were agitating against the governance in the princely states.
1939 Tripuri Session
 January 1939, Subhash Bose decided to stand again for the president’s post in the
Congress.
 Gandhi was not happy with Bose’s candidature.
 Pattabhi Sitaramayya, was Gandhi’s candidate who stand against Bose.
 Subhash Bose won the election by 1580 votes against 1377
 Its membership had fallen from 4.5 million in 1938–39 to 1.4 million in 1940-41.
 Subhas Chandra Bose was isolated within the Congress, as most leaders in the
organisation’s top refused cooperation with him.
 Bose resigned and the AICC session at Calcutta elected Rajendra Prasad as president.
 Bose founded the Forward Bloc to function within the Congress and was eventually
removed from all positions in the organization in August 1939.
Congress against British

 After the Indian National Congress acted against Bose in August 1939, shunting him out
of all offices including as president of the Bengal Congress Committee, Bose embarked
upon a campaign trail, to mobilise support to his position, across India.
 He was arrested by the British on July 3, 1940 under the Defence of India Act. and kept
under constant surveillance.
 As the war progressed in Europe Bose believed that Germany was going to win.
 He began to nurture the idea that Indian independence could be achieved by joining
hands with the Axis powers.
Bose from Calcutta to Berlin
 In the midnight of January 16-17, 1941, Bose slipped out of Calcutta, and reached Berlin
by the end of March, travelling through Kabul and the Soviet Union on an Italian
passport.
 Bose met Hitler and Goebbels in Berlin.
 Both the Nazi leaders were cold and the only concession they gave was to set up the
Azad Hind Radio.
 Nothing more came out of his rendezvous with Hitler and his aides.
 With Germany facing reverses, Bose found his way to Singapore in July 1943.