Top 30 Biology MCQs for Competitive Exams

பல்வேறு போட்டித் தேர்வுகளில் உயிரியல் முக்கியப் பங்காற்றுகிறது, விண்ணப்பதாரர்களுக்கு அவர்களின் தயாரிப்பில் உதவ, நாங்கள் 30 கேள்விகளை (MCQs) தொகுத்துள்ளோம். உங்கள் உயிரியல் அறிவை மேம்படுத்துவதற்கும், வரவிருக்கும் தேர்வுகளுக்கு உங்களை சிறப்பாக தயார்படுத்துவதற்கும் ஒவ்வொரு கேள்விக்கும் சரியான பதில் உள்ளது.

Top 30 Biology MCQs

Q1. In the names Mangifera indica (mango), Solanum tuberosum (potato), and Panthera leo (lion), the terms Mangifera, Solanum, and Panthera represent the higher level of?

(a) Taxon

(b) Taxonomic Hierarchy

(d) Binomial Nomenclature

Q2. Which of the following is one of the commercial products obtained from Gelidium and Gracilaria and is used to grow microbes and in preparations of ice creams and jellies?

(a) Agar

(b) Chlorella

(d) Gymnosperms

Q3.Which of the following is not among the 3 main classes of Algae?

(a) Chlorophyceae

(b) Rhodophyceae

(d) Gymnosperms

Q4. ___________ being a higher category, is the assemblage of families which exhibit a few similar characters.

(a) Order

(b) Species

(d) Class

Q5. Sexual reproduction in Algae that takes place through a fusion of two dissimilar-size gametes is called?

(a)Zoospores

(b)Anisogamous

(c)Isogamous

(d) Oogamous

Q6. Biological names are generally derived from which language?

(a) French

(b) Latin

(d) German

Q7. Through photosynthesis, at least half of the total carbon dioxide fixation on earth is carried out by?

(a) Pteridophytes

(b) Bryophytes

(d)Gymnosperms

Q8. Among plants, three different genera Solanum, Petunia, and Datura are placed in which family?

(a) Cancidae

(b) Solanaceae

(d) Felidae

Q9. Which of the following is not correct?

(a) Members of Chlorophyceae are commonly called green algae

(b) Members of Phaeophyceae are commonly called red algae

(d) Members of Phaeophyceae are commonly called brown algae

Q10. Azadirachata Indica is the scientific name of

(a) Neem

(b) Teak

(d) Tulsi

Q11. Which phylum includes animals that have a hard exoskeleton and jointed appendages?

(a) Mollusca

(b) Arthropoda

(d) Porifera

Q12. What is the common name for animals in the phylum Chordata?

(a) Invertebrates

(b) Vertebrates

(d) Molluscs

Q13. What is the name of the phylum that includes sponges?

(a) Porifera

(b) Cnidaria

(d) Annelida

Q14. Which of the following phyla includes animals that are segmented and have bristles?

(a) Platyhelminthes

(b) Annelida

(d) Mollusca

Q15. What is the name of the phylum that includes starfish and sea urchins?

(a) Echinodermata

(b) Mollusca

(d) Chordata.

Q16. Which of the following phyla includes animals with a soft body and a mantle that secretes a shell?

(a) Mollusca

(b) Nematoda

(d) Porifera

Q17. What is the name of the phylum that includes flatworms?

(a) Platyhelminthes

(b) Annelida

(d) Mollusca

Q18. What is the name of the phylum that includes roundworms?

(a) Nematoda

(b) Platyhelminthes

(d) Mollusca

Q19. What is the scientific name for the common house cat?

(a) Felis Catus

(b) Canis lupus

(d) Equus caballus

Q20. What is the scientific name for the domestic dog?

(a) Canis lupus

(b) Canis familiaris

(d) Canis Latrans

Q21. What is the function of guard cells of stomata?

(a) Opening of stomata only

(b) Closing of stomata only

(d) Neither opening nor closing of stomata

Q22. Leeuwenhoek discovered the free-living cells for the ﬁrst time in ______.

(a) Pond water

(b) Seawater

(d) Human body

Q23. In Paramecium, the food is moved to a speciﬁc spot by the movement of ______.

(a) cilia

(b) villi

(d) vacuole

Q24. The cell walls of many organisms of Fungi kingdom are made of a tough complex sugar called ______.

(a) Pectin

(b) Suberin

(d) Chitin

Q25. By which process substances like carbon dioxide or oxygen can move across the cell membrane?

(a) Plasmolysis

(b) Sedimentation

(d) Transpiration

Q26. Who presented that all plants and animals are composed of cells and that the cell is the basic unit of life?

(a) M. Schleiden and T. Schwann

(b) Virchow

(d) Leeuwanhoek

Q27. Which cells in the pancreas produce Insulin?

(a) Thymus

(b) Estrogen

(d) Islets of Langerhans

Q28. Which one of the following cells produces antibodies?

(a) Eosinophil

(b) Monocyte

(d) Lymphocytes

Q29.Which of the following are longest cells of human body?

(a) Pancreatic cells

(b) Epethelial cells

(d) Epidermal cells

Q30. Which among the following does not have a cell wall?

(a) Euglena

(b) Paramecium

(d) Mycoplasma

SOLUTIONS

S1. Ans.(a)

Sol. In the names Mangifera indica (mango), Solanum tuberosum (potato), and Panthera leo (lion), the terms Mangifera, Solanum, and Panthera represent the higher level of Taxon.

S2. Ans.(a)

Sol. Agar is one of the commercial products obtained from Gelidium and Gracilaria and is used to grow microbes and in preparations of ice creams and jellies.

S3. Ans.(d)

Sol. The Gymnosperms are a group of seed-producing plants.

S4. Ans.(a)

Sol. Order being a higher category, is the assemblage of families which exhibit a few similar characters

S5. Ans.(b)

Sol. Anisogamy (also called heterogamy) is a form of sexual reproduction that involves the union or fusion of two gametes, which differ in size and/or form. Sexual reproduction in Algae that takes place through the fusion of two dissimilar size gametes is called Anisogamous.

S6.Ans.(b)

Sol. Binomial nomenclature is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms.

S7. Ans.(c)

Sol. Algae are the most important photosynthesizing organisms on earth. At least half of the total carbon dioxide fixation on earth is carried out by algae through photosynthesis.

S8.Ans.(b)

Sol. Among plants, three different genera Solanum, Petunia, and Datura are placed in the Solanaceae family.

S9. Ans.(b)

Sol. The members of Phaeophyceae are popularly called brown algae. Members of Chlorophyceae are commonly called green algae. The Rhodophyceae or Red algae are probably the oldest Eukaryotic Algae groups.

S10. Ans.(a)

Sol. Azadirachta indica, commonly known as Neem, Neem tree, or Indian lilac, is a tree in the mahogany family Meliaceae.

S11. Ans.(b)

Sol. Arthropods, such as insects and crustaceans, have a hard exoskeleton and jointed appendages.

Mollusca is a phylum of animals that have soft bodies.
Annelida includes animals with segmented bodies
Porifera includes animals with porous bodies.

S12. Ans.(b)

Sol. Vertebrates. Animals in the phylum Chordate have a spinal column or backbone.

Chordata includes animals that have a notochord, a dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anal tail at some point in their development, and vertebrates are a subgroup of Chordata that have a backbone or spinal column.
Invertebrates are animals that do not have a backbone or spinal column, while Arthropods and Molluscs are specific phyla of invertebrates.

S13. Ans.(a)

Sol. Porifera is the name of the phylum that includes sponges.

Porifera are multicellular animals that have a porous body and no true tissues or organs.
Cnidaria includes animals like jellyfish and corals.
Platyhelminthes includes animals like flatworms.
Annelida includes animals like earthworms and leeches.

S14. Ans.(b)

Sol. Annelida is the phylum that includes earthworms, leeches, and other segmented worms that have bristles.

Annelids, such as earthworms and leeches, have a segmented body with distinct rings, and they use bristles called setae for locomotion.
Platyhelminthes is a phylum that includes animals like flatworms, which do not have segmented bodies or bristles.
Nematoda is a phylum that includes animals like roundworms, which have a smooth, unsegmented body.
Mollusca is a phylum of animals that have a soft body, and while some species may have hard shells or spines, they do not have segmented bodies or bristles.

S15. Ans.(a)

Sol. Echinodermata is the name of the phylum that includes starfish and sea urchins.

Echinoderms are characterized by radial symmetry, a water vascular system, and spiny skin.
Mollusca is a phylum of animals that have a soft body, while Arthropoda includes animals that have a hard exoskeleton and jointed appendages.
Chordata includes animals with a notochord and a dorsal nerve cord, which are typically vertebrates.

S16. Ans.(a)

Sol. Mollusca is the phylum that includes animals with a soft body and a mantle that secretes a shell. Mollusks, such as snails, clams, and octopuses, have a muscular foot, a mantle that secretes a shell (in species that have one), and a visceral mass containing their internal organs.

S17. Ans.(a)

Sol. Platyhelminthes is the name of the phylum that includes flatworms.

Platyhelminths are a group of invertebrates that have a flattened, ribbon-like body, and they can be found in a variety of aquatic and terrestrial habitats.
Annelida is a phylum of animals that are segmented and have bristles.
Nematoda is a phylum of animals that have a smooth, unsegmented body.
Mollusca is a phylum of animals that have a soft body and a mantle that may secrete a shell.

S18. Ans.(a)

Sol. Nematoda is the name of the phylum that includes roundworms.

Nematodes are a group of invertebrates that have a long, slender, unsegmented body, and they can be found in a variety of habitats.
Platyhelminthes is a phylum of animals that have a flattened, ribbon-like body,

S19. Ans.(a)

Sol. Felis catus is the scientific name for the common house cat.

Canis lupus is the scientific name for the gray wolf.
Panthera pardus is the scientific name for the leopard.
Equus caballus is the scientific name for the domestic horse.

S20. Ans.(b)

Sol. The scientific name for the domestic dog is Canis familiaris.

Canis rufus is the scientific name for the red wolf, and Canis latrans is the scientific name for the coyote.

S21. Ans. (c)

Sol. Guard cells are cells surrounding each stoma. They help to regulate the rate of transpiration by opening and closing the stomata.

The stomata are small openings on the surface of leaves and stems that allow for gas exchange, including the uptake of carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and the release of oxygen and water vapor.

S22 Ans.(a)

Sol. Anton van Leeuwenhoek, in 1674 with the improved microscope, discovered free-living cells of the algae Spirogyra in pond water for the first time.

S23 Ans.(a)

Sol. The paramecium uses its cilia to sweep the food along with some water into the cell mouth after it falls into the oral groove.

Paramecium feed on microorganisms like bacteria, algae, and yeasts.
The food goes through the cell mouth into the gullet and is transported to the food vacuole for digestion.

S24. Ans.(d)

Sol. The cell walls of many organisms of the Fungi kingdom are made of a tough complex sugar called chitin.

Chitin is a polysaccharide that provides structural support and protection to fungal cells.
It is a tough and flexible material that is also found in the exoskeletons of insects and crustaceans.
The presence of chitin in the cell walls of fungi distinguishes them from other organisms, such as plants, whose cell walls are made primarily of cellulose.
Suberin is a waxy, hydrophobic substance found in the cell walls of certain plant tissues, including cork cells, endodermal cells, and the Casparian strips of roots.

S25.Ans.(c)

Sol. By process of diffusion, substances like carbon dioxide or oxygen can move across the cell membrane.

Plasmolysis is a process in which the plasma membrane of a plant cell shrinks away from the cell wall due to water loss.
Sedimentation is the process by which heavier particles in a solution settle to the bottom due to gravity.
Transpiration is the process by which water is lost from the leaves of plants through small openings called stomata.

S26. Ans.(a)

Sol. M. Schleiden and T. Schwann presented that all the plants and animals are composed of cells and that the cell is the basic unit of life in the 1830s.

Matthias Schleiden was a German botanist, and Theodor Schwann was a German physiologist.
Their work formed the basis for the cell theory, which is one of the fundamental principles of biology.
Rudolf Virchow later added the third component to the cell theory, stating that all cells arise from pre-existing cells.
J. E. Purkinje coined the term “protoplasm” for the fluid substance of a cell in 1839.

S27. Ans.(d)

Sol. Insulin is produced by the beta cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.

The hormone insulin is a main regulator of the glucose (sugar) levels in the blood. Insulin is produced in the pancreas.
Thymus is a specialized primary lymphoid organ located in the upper thorax which produces and secretes hormones called thymosins which play a critical role in the development and maturation of T lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell that is involved in the immune response.
Estrogen is a group of hormones that are primarily produced by the ovaries in females and plays a crucial role in the development of female reproductive organs and secondary sexual characteristics, including breast development and the regulation of the menstrual cycle whereas in males, estrogen is involved in the development of the prostate gland and bone growth.
Corpus epididymis is a part of the male reproductive system, located at the top of the testes which is a coiled tube that plays a role in the maturation and storage of sperm cells.

S28. Ans.(d)

Sol. Antibodies are produced by specialized white blood cells called lymphocytes.

Eosinophils, monocytes, basophils, and Lymphocytes are different types of white blood cells, also known as leukocytes, that are involved in the immune response.

S29 Ans.(c)

Sol. The longest cells in the human body are nerve cells.

Nerve cells, also known as neurons, are specialized cells that transmit electrical and chemical signals throughout the body and are located in the base of the spinal cord and whose axons run down to the ends of toes.
Epithelial cells are a type of cell that forms the surfaces of organs and tissues throughout the body, including the skin.
Epidermal cells are a type of cell found in the outermost layer of the skin, called the epidermis.

S30. Ans.(d)

Sol. Mycoplasma does not have a cell wall.

It is a genus of bacteria that lacks a cell wall around its cell membrane.
Without a cell wall, they are unaffected by many common antibiotics such as penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis.
Euglena is a single-celled organism that belongs to the phylum Euglenozoa. It has both plant-like and animal-like characteristics and is capable of photosynthesis as well as heterotrophic nutrition.
Paramecium is a single-celled organism that belongs to the phylum Ciliophora. It is characterized by the presence of cilia

Gonyaulax is a single-celled organism that belongs to the phylum Dinoflagellata. It is a photosynthetic organism that is capable of producing bioluminescence, giving it a characteristic glowing appearance in water at night.

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