பல்வேறு போட்டித் தேர்வுகளில் அறிவியல் முக்கியப் பங்காற்றுகிறது, விண்ணப்பதாரர்களுக்கு அவர்களின் தயாரிப்பில் உதவ, நாங்கள் 30 கேள்விகளை (MCQs) தொகுத்துள்ளோம். உங்கள் அறிவியல் அறிவை மேம்படுத்துவதற்கும், வரவிருக்கும் தேர்வுகளுக்கு உங்களை சிறப்பாக தயார்படுத்துவதற்கும் ஒவ்வொரு கேள்விக்கும் சரியான பதில் உள்ளது.
Q1. Who was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize for Physics along with William A. Fowler?
(a) Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
(b) Albert Einstein
(c) Marie Curie
(d) Niels Bohr
Q2. Two spheres of the same size are made from copper and steel respectively. The density of copper is 9,900 kg/m³, and the density of steel is 7,900 kg/m³. What is the ratio between the masses of the copper sphere and the steel sphere?
(a) 9,900:7,900
(b) 7,900:9,900
(c) 1:1
(d) The ratio cannot be determined based on the given information.
Q3. Which of the following types of plants rely on insects for cross-pollination?
(a) Apples
(b) Plums
(c) Strawberries
(d) All of the above
Q4. Choose the correct pair:
a.Garlic -(i) Anti-inflammatory properties
b.Turmeric -(ii) Antibacterial properties
c.Aloe Vera -(iii) Soothing and healing properties
(a) (i) – b, (ii) – c, (iii) – a
(b) (i) – b, (ii) – a, (iii) – c
(c) (i) – c, (ii) – b, (iii) – a
(d) (i) – a, (ii) – c, (iii) – b
Q5. Consider the following statements
Assertion: The double coconut has the largest and heaviest seed among all plant species. Reason: Orchids have the smallest seeds in the plant kingdom, weighing only about 55 grams. (a) Assertion correct, Reason wrong
(b) Assertion wrong, Reason correct
(c) Assertion and Reason both are wrong
(d) Assertion and Reason both are correct
Q6. Which type of plants produce spores under unfavorable conditions?
(a) Flowering plants
(b) Algae
(c) Fungi
(d) Moss and ferns
Q7. Which mosquito species is responsible for spreading dengue?
(a) Aedes aegypti
(b) Anopheles gambiae
(c) Culex pipiens
(d) Ae.albopictus
Q8. Which habit is strongly linked to the severe form of gum disease called periodontitis?
(a) Smoking cigarettes
(b) Chewing tobacco
(c) Drinking alcohol excessively
(d) Consuming sugary foods and drinks
Q9. Which of the following modes of transmission is associated with hepatitis?
(a) Inhalation of airborne particles
(b) Direct contact with infected individuals
(c) Contaminated water, sharing of needles, and blood transfusion
(d) Ingestion of contaminated food
Q10. The wavelength of X-rays is typically of the order of:
(a) Nanometers
(b) Millimeters
(c) Centimeters
(d) Meters
Q11. Is it generally safe to administer iron supplements through injections instead of oral intake?
(a) Yes, it is safe and effective
(b) No, iron supplements should not be injected
(c) Both oral and injectable methods are equally safe
(d) The safety of iron supplements depends on the individual’s medical condition
Q12. Consider the following statements
Statement: The average internal temperature in humans is 35°C (95.6°F)
Reason: Temperatures in humans fluctuate throughout the day in response to activities and external factors.
(a) Both Statement and Reason are correct
(b) Both Statement and Reason are incorrect
(c) Only Statement is correct
(d) Only Reason is correct
Q13. Identify the true statement with reference to conventional current and electron flow:
Statement-I: Conventional current and electron flow have the same direction.
Statement-II: Conventional current is in the direction opposite to electron flow.
(a) Statement I only true
(b) Statement II only true
(c) Statement I and II are true
(d) Statement I and II are wrong
Q14. In a waterfall, where does water have more potential energy?
(a) At the top of the waterfall
(b) At the bottom of the waterfall
(c) Potential energy is the same at all points of the waterfall
(d) Potential energy is not relevant in a waterfall
Q15. What is the expansion of ORS?
(a) Oral Rehydration Solution
(b) Organic Replenishment System
(c) Optimal Recovery Supplement
(d) Over-the-Counter Remedy for Sickness
Q16. What does the rust-free condition of the Iron Pillar at the Qutub complex in Delhi indicate?
(a) The pillar is made of a non-metallic material.
(b) The pillar is a modern creation and not ancient.
(c) The pillar was protected from environmental factors.
(d) Indian scientists had advanced metal making technology.
Q17. Choose the correct acid and its use.
(a) Citric acid – digestion of food
(b) Acetic acid – vinegar production and as a cleaning agent
(c) Sulfuric acid – bathing soap
(d) Hydrochloric acid – detergents
Q18. Which of the following is responsible for the change in the color and taste of fruits?
(a) Golgi complex
(b) Nucleus
(c) Mitochondria
(d) Endoplasmic reticulum
Q19. Which of the following is true about red blood cells?
(a) It contains a nucleus.
(b) It have long lifespan
(c) It is not produced in the body
(d) It lacks a nucleus and has a short lifespan.
Q20. Which is a biodegradable material?
(a) PLA (Polylactic Acid)
(b) PHA (Polyhydroxyalkanoates)
(c) PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate)
(d) PVA (Polyvinyl Alcohol)
Q21. Synthetic fibers are made from the byproducts of_____ & ____.
(a) animal hair and minerals
(b) plant extracts and polymers
(c) natural sources and chemicals
(d) processing petroleum oil and gas
Q22. Which of the following statements accurately describes the Kingdom Protista?
(a) Consists only of multicellular organisms.
(b) prokaryotic organisms.
(c) All protists are capable of photosynthesis.
(d) Encompasses both unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes.
Q23. What is the scientific name of the Neem Tree?
(a) Neem indica
(b) Azadirachta neem
(c) Azadirachta indica
(d) Melia azadirachta
Q24.Which type of root system is characterized by a single, central root that grows straight down into the ground?
- A) Taproot system
- B) Fibrous root system
- C) Lateral root system
- D) Monocotyledonous root system
Q25.Which type of root system is characterized by a cluster of roots arising from the base of the stem, with thin and uniform roots?
- A) Taproot system
- B) Fibrous root system
- C) Lateral root system
- D) Dicotyledonous root system
Q26.What is the function of the apical or terminal bud in a stem?
- A) Absorption of water
- B) Production of leaves
- C) Conduction of nutrients
- D) Growth towards sunlight
Q27.What is the main function of the stem in a plant?
- A) Support the branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits
- B) Produce food through photosynthesis
- C) Absorb water and minerals from the soil
- D) Store food reserves
Q28.What is the role of stomata in the leaves?
- A) Absorption of sunlight for photosynthesis
- B) Regulation of water loss through transpiration
- C) Storage of food reserves
- D) Support for the leaf structure
Q29.Which of the following has the largest leaves in plant Kingdom?
- A) Marselia
- B) Pteridophytes
- C) Victoria amazonica
- D) Bryophytes
Q30.Which of the following adaptations enable aquatic plants to float in water?
- A) Large roots for nutrient absorption
- B) Extensive branching of stems for stability
- C) Air chambers in stems and leaves
- D) Deeply penetrating petioles for anchorage
Solution
S1. Ans. (a) Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
Sol.
- Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (19 October 1910 – 21 August 1995) was an Indian Americanastrophysicist who spent his professional life in the United States. He was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize for Physics with William A Fowler.
S2. Ans. (c) 1:1
Sol.
- Rounded to the nearest whole number, the closest ratio between the masses of the copper sphere and the steel sphere is 1:1.
- The density of a substance is defined as the mass per unit volume. So, if two spheres have the same size, they will have the same volume. Therefore, the ratio of the masses of the copper sphere and the steel sphere will be the same as the ratio of their densities, which is 1:1.
S3. Ans. (d) All of the above.
Sol.
Insects play a crucial role in the cross-pollination of various plant species, including apples, plums, and strawberries. These plants have flowers that are adapted to attract insects, such as bees, butterflies, or other pollinators.
S4. Ans. (b) (i) – b, (ii) – a, (iii) – c
Sol.
The correct matching is as follows:
- (i) – b (Anti-inflammatory properties) – Turmeric
- (ii) – a (Antibacterial properties) – Garlic
- (iii) – c (Soothing and healing properties) – Aloe vera
S5. Ans. (a) Assertion correct, Reason wrong
- The world’s largest and heaviest seed is the double coconut. The seed looks like two coconut fused together. It grows only in two islands of the Seychelles
- Orchids have the smallest seeds in the plant kingdom. 35 million seeds may weight only about 25 gram.
S6. Ans. (d) Moss and ferns
Sol.
Spore Formation -Scarcity of water, high temperature, nutrient deficiency in soil etc., are unfavourable conditions. During these conditions non-flowering plants like algae, fungi, moss and ferns produce spores. They germinate into a new plant when favourable conditions return.
S7. Ans. (a) Aedes aegypti
Dengue is spread by mosquitoes of Aedes aegypti caused by DEN-1, 2 virus belonging to the type – flavivirus. It decreases the counting of the blood platelets of human blood and it has a maximum flight range of 50–100 metres in and around the places.
S8. Ans. (b) Chewing tobacco
Sol.
- Chewing tobacco is strongly linked to the severe form of gum disease called periodontitis. Tobacco contains harmful substances that can damage the gums, bones, and other tissues in the oral cavity.
S9. Ans. (c) Contaminated water, sharing of needles, and blood transfusion
Sol.
Hepatitis is one of the most dangerous and fatal diseases caused by Hepatitis virusA, B, C, D, E. Its mode of transmission is contaminated water, sharing of needles and blood transfusion. The symptoms of hepatitis is loss of appetite (anorexia), vomiting, eyes and urine turning to yellow colour.
S10. Ans. (a) Nanometers
Sol.
X-rays have very short wavelengths, typically in the range of nanometers (10^-9 meters)..
S11. Ans. (b) No, iron supplements should not be injected as it can be dangerous.
Sol.
Excessive iron levels in the bloodstream can lead to iron overload, a condition known as iron toxicity or iron poisoning. This can cause severe damage to organs such as the liver, heart, and pancreas.
S12. Ans. (d) Only Reason is correct
Sol.
- The average internal temperature in humans is not 35°C (95.6°F). The commonly accepted average internal body temperature in humans is approximately 36°C (98.6°F), as mentioned earlier.
- The reason provided is true.
S13. Ans. (b) Statement II only true
Sol.
Conventional current is defined as the flow of positive charges. It was historically established before the discovery of electrons. In a circuit, conventional current is considered to flow from the positive terminal to the negative terminal of a power source.
S14. Ans. (a) At the top of the waterfall
Sol.
At the top of the waterfall, the water is at a higher elevation and has a greater height above the ground compared to the bottom of the waterfall. As a result, the water at the top of the waterfall has more potential energy due to its elevated position.
S15. Ans. (a) Oral Rehydration Solution
Sol.
ORS (Oral Rehydration Solution) is a special combination of dry salts that is mixed with safe water. It can help to replace the fluids lost due to diarrhea.
S16. Ans. (d) Indian scientists had advanced metal making technology.
Sol.
- There is an iron pillar at the Qutub complex in Delhi which is more than 1600 years age. Even after such a long period, the iron pillar kept in open spaces has not rusted at all.
- This shows that Indian scientists made great advances in metal making technology even at 16th century which enabled them to make this iron pillar having the quality of great rust resistance.
S17. Ans. (b) Acetic acid – vinegar production and as a cleaning agent
Sol.
- Citric acid is found in citrus fruits and is used in food flavoring and as a preservative.
- Sulfuric acid is a strong acid that is used in the manufacture of batteries, fertilizers, and plastics.
- Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid that is used in the manufacture of chlorine, PVC, and other chemicals.
S18. Ans. (a) Golgi complex
Sol.
Membrane bounded sacs are stacked on top of the other with associated secretory vesicles collectively known as golgi complex. Functions of golgi complex are the production of secretory substances, packaging and secretion. This is the secret behind the change in the colour and taste of fruits
S19. Ans. (d) Red blood cells lack a nucleus and have a short lifespan.
Sol.
Red blood cells Red blood cells do not contain a nucleus. Without a nucleus, these cells die quickly; about two million red blood cells die every second! Luckily, the body produces new red blood cells every day.
S20. Ans. (a) PLA (Polylactic Acid)
Sol.
Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) –a substitute for some types of plastics. Poly Lactic Acid or polylactide is compostable and bioactive thermoplastic. PLA is a biodegradable material. It is useful for making food packaging, garbage bags and disposable table ware.
S21. Ans. (d) petroleum oil and gas
Sol.
Synthetic fibres are made from the byproducts of processing petroleum oil and gas. Polyester is another synthetic fibre. It can be drawn into very fine fibres that can be woven like any other yarn.
S22. Ans. (d) The Kingdom Protista encompasses both unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes.
Sol.
- The Kingdom Protista includes unicellular and a few simple multicellular eukaryotes. There are two main groups of protists. The plant like protists are photosynthetic and are commonly called algae. Algae include unicellular and multicellular types.
- Animals like protists are often called protozoans. They include amoeba and paramecium.
S23. Ans. (c) Azadirachta indica
Sol.
- The scientific name of the Neem Tree is Azadirachta indica.
- In the binomial nomenclature system used in taxonomy, every species is given a unique scientific name consisting of two parts: the genus name and the species name.
S24. Ans. (a)Taproot system
Sol.
- A taproot system is characterised by a single, central root called a taproot, which grows straight down into the ground. This type of root system is typically seen in dicotyledonous plants. Smaller roots, known as lateral roots, arise from the taproot. Examples of plants with taproot systems include bean, mango, and neem.
S25. Ans. (b) Fibrous root system
Sol.
- A fibrous root system is characterised by a cluster of roots arising from the base of the stem. These roots are thin and uniform in size. This type of root system is generally seen in monocotyledonous plants. Examples of plants with fibrous root systems include grass, paddy, and maize.
S26. Ans. (d)Growth towards sunlight
Sol.
- The apical or terminal bud, located at the tip of the stem, plays a crucial role in the growth of the stem towards sunlight. It is responsible for the elongation of the stem as it grows. The apical bud contains actively dividing cells that give rise to new tissues, allowing the stem to increase in length and reach towards the source of light.
S27. Ans. (a)Support the branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits
Sol.
- The stem of a plant plays a vital role in providing support to various parts of the plant, including branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits. It gives structural stability to the plant and helps in maintaining an upright position. Additionally, the stem also serves as a pathway for the transport of water, minerals, and prepared food (from leaves to other parts) through its vascular tissues.
S28. Ans. (b)Regulation of water loss through transpiration
Sol.
- Stomata are tiny pores or openings found on the lower surface of leaves.
- They play a crucial role in the regulation of water loss through a process called transpiration.
- Stomata allow the exchange of gases, primarily carbon dioxide and oxygen, during photosynthesis.
- They also control the release of water vapour from the plant through transpiration.
- By opening and closing the stomata, plants can regulate the loss of water to maintain a balance between water uptake and water loss, ensuring proper hydration and gas exchange.
S29. Ans. (c)
Sol.
- Victoria amazonica is a species of water lily known for its enormous leaves. These leaves can grow up to 3 metres (10 feet) in diameter, making them one of the largest leaves in the plant kingdom. Despite their large size, these leaves are structurally strong and are capable of supporting a significant amount of weight.
S30. Ans. (c)Air chambers in stems and leaves
Sol.
- Aquatic plants, such as water hyacinth, water lily, and lotus, have adaptations that allow them to float in water.
- These plants exhibit reduced root sizes and possess air chambers in their stems and leaves.
- These air spaces provide buoyancy, enabling the plants to stay afloat.
- The lotus plant, for example, utilizes air spaces in its stems and petioles to float and thrive in freshwater habitats.
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