பல்வேறு போட்டித் தேர்வுகளில் அறிவியல் முக்கியப் பங்காற்றுகிறது, விண்ணப்பதாரர்களுக்கு அவர்களின் தயாரிப்பில் உதவ, நாங்கள் 30 கேள்விகளை (MCQs) தொகுத்துள்ளோம். உங்கள் அறிவியல் அறிவை மேம்படுத்துவதற்கும், வரவிருக்கும் தேர்வுகளுக்கு உங்களை சிறப்பாக தயார்படுத்துவதற்கும் ஒவ்வொரு கேள்விக்கும் சரியான பதில் உள்ளது.
Q1. The direction of acceleration in uniform circular motion is along the
(a) direction perpendicular to velocity
(b) direction of velocity
(c) tangent to the circle at the point of observation
(d) direction of motion.
Q2. As long as an unbalanced force is applied to a body, there is a continuous change in its:
(a) shape
(b) speed
(c) mass
(d) Weight
Q3. The force of gravity acting on an object is also known as ________.
(a) Mass
(b) Acceleration
(c) Weight
(d) Impulse
Q4. Nuclear sizes are expressed in a unit named
(a) Fermi
(b) Angstrom
(c) Newton
(d) Tesla
Q5. Which one of the following reasons are responsible for cooler nights in deserts
(a) Sand radiates heat more quickly than the earth
(b) The sky remains clear most of the time
(c) Sand absorbs heat more quickly than the earth
(d) None of these
Q6. A box is made up of iron and has a volume of 129 cm³. If the density of iron is 7.9 g/cm³, what is the mass of the box?
(a) 1.63 g
(b) 101.91 g
(c) 142.89 g
(d) 1035.30 g
Q7. What is the study of breeding and maintenance of animals called?
(a) Animal Husbandry
(b) Zoology
(c) Veterinary Science
(d) Animal Science
Q8. Match the following
Classification of elements Characteristics
- Metals -A. Poor conductors of electricity and heat
- Nonmetals -B. Exhibit properties of both metals and nonmetals
- Metalloids -C. Good conductors of electricity and heat
(a) 1-A, 2-B, 3-C
(b) 1-C, 2-A, 3-B
(c) 1-A, 2-C, 3-B
(d) 1-C, 2-B, 3-A
Q9. What is the primary use of bismuth?
(a) Treating diarrhea in medicine production.
(b) Battery production.
(c) Radioactive element in nuclear power plants.
(d) Synthetic element not found naturally on Earth.
Q10. Match the plant propagation method with the corresponding description:
- Sucker- A. Short and thick branch
- Runner- B. Short and weak lateral branch
- Offset- C. Slender branch of the stem
- Stolon- D. Stem which grows laterally on the surface of the soil
(a) 1 – D, 2 – B, 3 – C, 4 – A
(b) 1 – A, 2 – B, 3 – C, 4 – D
(c) 1 – B, 2 – D, 3 – A, 4 – C
(d) 1 – C, 2 – A, 3 – D, 4 – B
Q11. What can cause conjunctivitis, commonly known as pink eye?
(a) Virus and bacteria
(b) Allergies
(c) Excessive sunlight exposure
(d) Dry eyes
Q12. What is the primary purpose of a vaccine?
(a) To provide immediate treatment for a particular disease
(b) To prevent the transmission of infectious diseases
(c) To cure chronic illnesses
(d) To boost the immune system temporarily
Q13. Virtual Reality (VR) technology is primarily used for:
(a) Creating realistic computer-generated images.
(b) Enhancing the visual effects in video games.
(c) Providing an immersive and lifelike experience.
(d) Simulating physical environments in smartphones.
Q14. Why are mercury or alcohol used in thermometers?
(a) They have a high boiling point
(b) They have a low boiling point
(c) They have a low freezing point
(d) They have a high density
Q15. A Fahrenheit temperature reading is given as 100°F. What would be the equivalent temperature in Rankine?’
(a) 100°R
(b) 359.67°R
(c) 459.67°R
(d) 560.67°R
Q16. If 0.000026A current flows through a circuit, what is the equivalent value of the current in microamperes (µA)?
(a) 0.0000026 µA
(b) 0.0026 µA
(c) 26 µA
(d) 26,000 µA
Q17. Who developed the dry cell?
(a) Yei Sakizo
(b) Thomas Edison
(c) Alessandro Volta
(d) Benjamin Franklin
Q18. Which process involves the direct conversion of a solid substance into gas without becoming a liquid?
(a) Evaporation
(b) Condensation
(c) Sublimation
(d) Dissolution
Q19. Consider the following statements
Assertion (A): Stem cells have the ability to develop into any other type of cell in the body.
Reason (R) : Embryonic stem cells are particularly versatile and can differentiate into various cell types such as blood cells, nerve cells, muscle cells, or gland cells.
(a) A is correct and R explains A
(b) A is correct and R does not explain A
(c) A is correct and R is wrong
(d) Both A and R are wrong
Q20. Which of the following statements is true about the cytoplasm?
(a) The cytoplasm consists of the nucleus and cell organelles.
(b) The cytoplasm is a watery, jelly-like medium made up of 70% – 90% water and usually colorless.
(c) The cytoplasm is the outermost layer of the cell, surrounding the cell membrane.
(d) The cytoplasm is responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell.
Q21. Match the following derived quantities with their units:
- Area -A. C
- Volume -B. kg m-3
- Speed -C. ms-1
- Electric Charge -D. m2
- Density -E. m3
(a) 1-A 2-B 3-C 4-D 5-E
(b) 1-D 2-E 3-C 4-A 5-B
(c) 1-A 2-B 3-D 4-E 5-C
(d) 1-A 2-C 3-B 4-D 5-B
Q22. Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between nautical miles and knots?
(a) One nautical mile = one knot.
(b) One knot = one nautical mile.
(c) One nautical mile > one knot.
(d) One knot > one nautical mile.
Q23. The amount of space occupied by a 3D object is known as its _____.
(a) area
(b) volume
(c) length
(d) width
Q24. Which type of acceleration occurs when the change in velocity for every unit of time is not the same?
(a) Positive acceleration
(b) Negative acceleration
(c) Uniform acceleration
(d) Non-uniform acceleration
Q25. Which of the following is used to measure very long distances?
(a) Astronomical unit
(b) Light year
(c) Kilometer
(d) Meter
Q26. Statement I: The first local anesthetic was cocaine.
Statement II: Cocaine was isolated from coca leaves by Albert Niemannin Germany in 1859.
Which of the above statements are true?
(a) Only I
(b) Only II
(c) Both I and II
(d) Both I and II are not true
Q27. Take an iron block and a wooden block of the same mass (say 1kg each). Measure their volume. Which one has more volume?
(a) The iron block has more volume.
(b) The wooden block has more volume.
(c) Both blocks have the same volume.
(d) All of the above
Q28. Materials with less density are called:
(a) denser
(b) rarer
(c) heavier
(d) lighter
Q29. Which of the following statements about Rutherford’s theory of the atom is incorrect?
(a) The nucleus at the center of the atom has a positive charge.
(b) The negatively charged electrons revolve around the nucleus in specific orbits.
(c) In comparison with the size of the atom, the nucleus is very, very small.
(d) The nucleus at the center of the atom has a negative charge.
Q30. Match the following cell types with their corresponding descriptions:
Cell Type Shapes
1.Epithelial cells – A. Round, biconcave, and disc-shaped
2.Muscle cells – B. Branched body with an elongated nerve fiber
3.Nerve cells – C. Long and spindle-shaped
4.Red blood cells – D. Mostly flat and columnar in shape
(a) A – 1, B – 2, C – 3, D – 4
(b) A – 2, B – 1, C – 4, D – 3
(c) A – 4, B – 3, C – 2, D – 1
(d) A – 3, B – 2, C – 4, D – 1
Solution
S1. Ans. (a) direction perpendicular to velocity
Sol.
The direction of acceleration in uniform circular motion is along the direction perpendicular to velocity. In uniform circular motion, the object moves in a circular path, and its velocity is always tangential to the circle. The acceleration, however, is directed towards the center of the circle, perpendicular to the velocity vector.
S2. Ans. (b) speed
Sol.
As long as an unbalanced force is applied to a body, there is a continuous change in its speed. Newton’s second law of motion states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force applied to it and inversely proportional to its mass. If an unbalanced force is applied to a body, it will accelerate, causing a change in its speed.
S3.Ans. (c ) Weight
Sol.
The force of gravity acting on an object is also known as Weight. Weight is the force experienced by an object due to the gravitational pull of the Earth (or any other celestial body). It is proportional to the mass of the object and is commonly measured in Newtons (N). Weight can be calculated using the formula: weight = mass x acceleration due to gravity.
S4. Ans. (a) Fermi
Sol.
The femtometre is SI unit of length equal to metres, which means a quadrillionth of one metre. This distance is known as a fermi.
It is a typical length-scale of nuclear physics.
S5. Ans. (a)
- Sand acts as a sort of mirror to the Sun. It takes all of the heat from the Sun and does not absorb it, but “radiates” it in the air, which is the main reason why the temperatures are so high during the day.
- The sand holds the heat on its surface. Once the night comes, the sand loses all of the heat it collected during the day, and the temperatures drop severely.
S6. Ans. (b) 101.91 g
Sol. The formula to calculate mass is:
Mass = Density × Volume
Substituting the given values into the formula: Mass = 7.9 g/cm³ × 129 cm³
Mass = 1019.1 g
S7. Ans. (a) Animal Husbandry.
Sol.
- Study of breeding of animals and their maintenance is called Animal Husbandary
- Animal protection and maintenance- Protecting an animal’s welfare means providing for its physical and mental needs
S8. Ans. b) 1-C, 2-A, 3-B.
Therefore, the correct matching is:
- 1. Metals – C. Good conductors of electricity and heat
- 2. Nonmetals – A. Poor conductors of electricity and heat
- 3. Metalloids – B. Exhibit properties of both metals and nonmetals
So the answer is b), 1-C, 2-A, 3-B.
S9. Ans. (a) Treating diarrhea in medicine production.
Sol.
Bismuth is a naturally occurring element that has been used for centuries to treat diarrhea. It is combined with other elements, such as salicylate, to create bismuth subsalicylate, which is the active ingredient in many over-the-counter diarrhea medications.
S10. Ans. (c) 1 – B, 2 – D, 3 – A, 4 – C
Sol.
- Sucker: It is a short and weak lateral branch that grows diagonally upwards and directly gives rise to a new shoot.
- Runner: It refers to a stem that grows laterally on the surface of the soil, breaks up to produce roots where it touches the ground, and gives rise to new plants.
- Offset: An offset is a short and thick branch that arises from the axial part of a leaf. It produces a tuft of leaves and a cluster of small roots below.
- Stolon: A stolon is a slender branch of the stem that grows upwards to some distance and then bends towards the ground.
S11. Ans. (a) Virus and bacteria
Sol.
Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, can be caused by both viruses and bacteria. Viral conjunctivitis is the most common form and is often associated with a common cold or upper respiratory infection. Bacterial conjunctivitis, on the other hand, is usually caused by certain types of bacteria.
S12. Ans. (b) To prevent the transmission of infectious diseases
Sol.
Vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease. Vaccines like (BCG, Polio, MMR) are given at early childhood to protect from other diseases
S13. Ans. (c) Providing an immersive and lifelike experience.
Sol.
Virtual Reality (VR) technology aims to create a simulated environment that closely resembles the real world or a fictional environment. It goes beyond displaying computer-generated images by providing users with an immersive and interactive experience.
S14. Ans. (a) They have a high boiling point
Sol.
Mostly Alcohol and Mercury are used in thermometers as they remain in liquid form even with a change of temperature in them. A small change in the temperature causes change in volume of a liquid. We measure this temperature by measuring expansion of a liquid in thermometer.
S15. Ans. (c) 459.67°R
Sol.
According to the conversion formula, °R = °F + 459.67. To find the equivalent temperature in Rankine, we substitute F = 100 into the formula:
R = 100 + 459.67 = 559.67
Therefore, the equivalent temperature in Rankine would be 459.67°R.
S16. Ans. (b) 0.0026 µA
Sol.
- To convert from amperes ((a) to microamperes (µ(a), we need to multiply the given value by 1,000,000 (since 1 ampere is equal to 1,000,000 microamperes).
- Converting 0.000026A to microamperes: 0.000026A * 1,000,000 = 26 µA
- Therefore, the equivalent value of 0.000026A in microamperes is 0.0026 µA (Option (b).
S17. Ans. (a) Yei Sakizo
Sol.
A dry cell is a type of chemical cell commonly used in the common form batteries for many electrical appliances. It is a convenient source of electricity available in portable and compact form. It was developed in 1887 by Yei Sakizo of Japan.
S18. Ans. (c) Sublimation
Sol.
Sublimation is the process in which a solid substance transitions directly into a gas without passing through the liquid phase. Certain solid substances, such as camphor and naphthalene, exhibit sublimation when heated.
S19. Ans. (a) A is correct and R explains A
Sol.
The assertion states that stem cells have the ability to develop into any other type of cell in the body. This is true because stem cells are undifferentiated cells that can divide and differentiate into specialized cell types. They have the potential to give rise to various cell lineages.
S20. Ans. (b) The cytoplasm is a watery, jelly-like medium made up of 70% – 90% water and usually colorless.
Sol.
The cytoplasm includes all living parts of the cell within the cell membrane, excluding the nucleus. The cytoplasm is made up of the cytosol and cell organelles. The cytosol is a watery, jellylike medium made up of 70% – 90% water and usually colourless.
S21. Ans. (b) 1-D 2-E 3-C 4-A 5-B
Therefore, the correct matching is as follows:
- Derived quantity Unit Area = Length × Breadth =m2
- Volume = Length × Breadth × Height =m3
- Speed = Distance / Time =ms-1
- Electric Charge = Electric Current × Time =C
- Density = Mass / Volume =kg m-3
S22. Ans. (a) One nautical mile = one knot.
Sol.
A nautical mile is a unit of measurement used in aviation and sea transportation to measure distances. It is defined as exactly 1.852 kilometers.
S23. Ans. (b) volume.
Sol.
Volume = Surface area × Height
The SI unit of volume is cubic metre or m3 .
The volume of a three-dimensional object is the amount of space that it takes up. It is measured in cubic units, such as cubic centimeters or cubic meters. The volume of an object can be found by multiplying the length, width, and height of the object.
S24. Ans. (d) Non-uniform acceleration.
Sol. Non-uniform acceleration occurs when the change in velocity for every unit of time is not the same. This means that the object’s velocity is changing at varying rates over time. In other words, the object is not experiencing a constant or uniform acceleration.
S25. Ans. (b) light year.
Sol.
A light year is the distance that light travels in one year. It is a unit of measurement used to measure very long distances, such as the distance between stars. One light year is equal to approximately 9.46 trillion kilometers.
S26. (a) Only I
Sol.
The first local anesthetic was cocaine was isolated from coca leaves by Albert Niemannin Germany, 1860.
S27. Ans. (b). The wooden block has more volume.
Sol.
The density of iron is about 7.874 g/cm^3, while the density of wood is about 0.8 g/cm^3. This means that the same mass of iron will have a smaller volume than the same mass of wood.
S28. Ans. (b). rarer.
Sol.
- Materials with less density are called rarer because they have less mass per unit volume. This means that they are less common in nature, as they take up more space for the same amount of mass.
S29. Ans. (d) The nucleus at the center of the atom has a negative charge.
Sol.
Rutherford’s theory of the atom, also known as the nuclear model, proposed the following:
- The nucleus at the center of the atom has a positive charge. Most of the mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus.
- The negatively charged electrons revolve around the nucleus in specific orbits.
- In comparison with the size of the atom, the nucleus is very, very small. This statement is correct as well. According to Rutherford’s model, the nucleus is extremely small compared to the overall size of the atom.
S30. Ans. (c) A – 4, B – 3, C – 2, D – 1
Sol.
- Epithelial cells – they are mostly flat and columnar in shape They cover the surface of the body for protection
- Muscle cells – they are long and spindle shaped They can contract and relax allowing the cell for movement.
- Nerve cells – the body of nervous cell is branched with an elongated nerve fiber. Nerve cells are specialized to carry and conduct messages that coordinate the functions of the body. Red blood cells – Round, biconcave and disc shaped
- Red blood cells carry oxygen and collect carbon dioxide from various part of the body.
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