Addapedia Editorial: Daily News Editorial PDF, 24 October 2024

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Addapedia Editorial: Daily News Editorial PDF: Hello Aspirants ADDA 247 is back with Editorial Analysis in English. your daily source for in-depth news coverage and insightful editorial analysis. In this section, we comprehensively examine the latest national and international events, current affairs, and the historical context behind today’s most pressing topics. Our goal is to provide you with a well-rounded perspective on the news, helping you understand not just the headlines, but the intricate details and background that shape our world. This ADDAPEDIA Editorial Analysis will help you understand the National and International events Current affairs and the background of a particular topic. This comprehensive News analysis will help you in Clearing CA and Interview for many exams.

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White Revolution 2.0

Context: The Ministry of Cooperatives released Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) on ‘White

Revolution 2.0. It was launched during diamond jubilee celebration of National Dairy Development Board (NDDB).

What is White Revolution?

Operation Flood (1970-1996) led by Dr. Verghese Kurien, known as the “Father of White Revolution,” transformed India from milk-deficient to world’s largest milk producer.
MODEL: Based on “Anand Pattern” – establishing village dairy cooperatives, linking rural milk producers directly with urban consumers through a three-tier cooperative structure.
INSTITUTIONS: Created key institutions like NDDB (National Dairy Development Board), AMUL (Anand Milk Union Limited), and Mother Dairy (retail outlets) to support the movement.
- NDDB was registered as a society under the Societies Act 1860. Later it was merged with erstwhile Indian Dairy Corporation, by NDDB Act 1987. It is declared as an institution of national importance.
ACHIEVEMENTS: Milk production increased from 22 million tonnes (1970) to 198.4 million tonnes (2019-20), creating 16 million farmer members across 185,903 dairy cooperatives.
IMPACT: Empowered rural women, generated employment, ensured fair pricing for farmers, and made quality dairy products accessible to consumers nationwide.

What is India’s Status in milk production?

India is world’s top milk producer, with 230.58 million tonnes production during 2022-23.
National per capita availability of milk is 459 grams/ day, which is higher than global average of 323 g/ day.
Rashtriya Gokul Mission; National Programme for Dairy Development; Livestock Health & Disease Control Programme (LHDCP); Animal Husbandry Infrastructure Development Fund are some of the Initiatives to boost Dairy Sector

What are the current challenges with India’s dairy sector?

Low productivity: Average milk yield per animal in India (1,806 kg/year) remains significantly lower than global averages (2,638 kg/year) due to poor breed quality and management.
Quality concerns: Lack of proper cold chain infrastructure and inadequate testing facilities leads to high bacterial contamination and poor milk quality.
Climate impact: Rising temperatures affect cattle health and milk production, while the sector contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions.
Feed scarcity: Inadequate availability and rising costs of quality fodder and feed, with annual deficit of 36% green fodder and 11% dry fodder.
Market volatility: Fluctuating milk prices, unorganized market structure (80% of sector), and increasing input costs affect farmers’ income stability.
Health management: Limited access to veterinary services, high incidence of diseases, and rising antimicrobial resistance in cattle.
Competition pressure: Growing presence of private players and potential international competition through trade agreements threatening traditional cooperative structure.

What is White Revolution 2.0?

Aim: Increase milk procurement by dairy cooperative societies by 50 % over next 5 years (1,007 lakh kg/ day by 2028-29).
It seeks to empower women, generate employment, and expand cooperative coverage.

National Programme for Dairy Development (NPDD) 2.0:

Targets of White Revolution 2.0 have been subsumed under newly proposed Central Sector Scheme, NPDD 2.0.
Financial assistance under NPDD is provided for setting up of village level milk procurement system, milk chilling facilities for quality milk procurement to strengthen dairy infrastructure.
Dairy cooperative societies (DCS): Plan to establish/ strengthen 1 lakh DCS for achieving objective of White Revolution 2.0.
Ministry of Cooperatives released Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) on ‘White Revolution 2.0’

Can you answer the following question?

Despite being the world’s largest milk producer, India’s dairy sector faces multiple challenges that necessitate a comprehensive White Revolution 2.0.

A case for food subsidies: An investment, not a waste

Context: The article challenges the proposition of reducing food subsidies to increase agricultural R&D funding, arguing that it would adversely affect food security for vulnerable populations.

What are the concerns about current subsidy structure?

Inefficient use of resources through input subsidies
Negative impact on soil fertility
Declining groundwater levels
Hindrance to crop diversification
High financial burden on government

What are the key arguments for increasing agricultural R&D by reducing subsidies?

Need to improve crop productivity
Development of climate-resilient varieties
Ensuring long-term food security
High rate of return on R&D investment
Focus needed on nutritional crops (pulses, milk, eggs, etc.)

Why should food subsidies be preserved?

Acts as income transfer to bottom 50% population
Provides valuable support to poor households
Enables spending on other essential foods
Proved crucial during Covid crisis
Addresses exclusion errors in targeted PDS

What are the misconceptions about NFSA’s impact?

Did not require increased grain procurement
Balanced increased coverage with reduced per-beneficiary allocation (7.9 kg to 5 kg)
Did not significantly inflate subsidy burden
Maintained food security without production pressure
Successfully addressed targeting errors

Can you answer the following question?

The debate between increasing agricultural R&D and maintaining food subsidies presents a false dichotomy. Critically analyze the complementary role of both in ensuring India’s food security and agricultural sustainability.

Move on madrasas, the alienation of Muslims

Context: National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) recommended to stop government funding to madrasas which are not compliant with the Right to Education (RTE) Act, 2009 and to conduct an inspection of all madrasas

What is the historical significance of madrasas in India?

The word ‘madrasa’ simply means ‘school’ in Arabic
Served both religious and secular education before British colonial education
Notable figures like Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Rajendra Prasad studied in madrasas
System prevailed since Delhi Sultanate, patronized by various dynasties

Why is the NCPCR’s move being criticized?

Contradicts the original purpose of the Child Protection Rights Act, 2005
Appears ideologically motivated rather than child-welfare focused
Ignores other pressing child rights issues like trafficking and child labor
Contradicts constitutional freedom of religion under Article 25
Could potentially alienate religious minorities
Raises concerns about aggressive majoritarianism

What is the Kerala model’s perspective on this issue?

Kerala has achieved universalization of public education
Does not need government-funded madrasas
Maintains Madrasa Teachers’ Welfare Fund based on social justice
Upholds communal harmony and solidarity

Can you answer the following question?

The debate over madrasa education in India reflects the broader tension between religious freedom and educational standardization. Critically analyze the historical role of madrasas in Indian education and the contemporary challenges in balancing minority rights with educational reforms.” (250 words)

The Gaza war and the Global South’s ‘interventions’

Context: The article discusses the implications of Hamas chief Yahya Sinwar’s killing and analyzes how major Global South powers, particularly India and China, have responded to the Israel-Gaza conflict.

What are the recent developments in the Israel-Gaza conflict?

Killing of Hamas chief Yahya Sinwar on October 16, 2024
Previous assassination of Ismail Haniyeh in Iran (July 2024)
Mounting civilian casualties in Gaza and Lebanon
Lack of clear blueprint for ceasefire or resolution

How has China positioned itself in this conflict?

Hasn’t condemned Hamas by name since October 2023
Hosted 14 Palestinian factions including Hamas in July 2024
Views conflict through de-colonisation lens
Prioritized Arab relations over ties with Israel
Uses BRICS as platform to promote Global South narrative

What characterizes India’s approach to the conflict?

Maintains balanced position between national interests and international obligations
Views conflict through counter-terrorism lens
Continues support for two-state solution
Recognized Palestinian state in 1988
Shows tacit support for Israel while maintaining diplomatic balance

Why has the Global South failed to present a unified response?

Fragmented approaches among nations
India-China contestation undermines unity
Lack of collective political and military leverage
Individual national interests prevail over collective aims
Democracy vs non-democracy divide creates additional challenges

Can you answer the following question?

The divergent approaches of India and China towards the Israel-Gaza conflict reflect the broader challenges in establishing a unified Global South voice in international affairs. Critically analyze the factors contributing to this divergence and its implications for global governance.