A June with Extremes in Temperature, The Hindu Editorial Analysis

The Hindu Editorial Analysis: The Editorial Analysis of The Hindu Newspaper Editorial Articles aimed at simplifying various concepts relevant to the UPSC and other State PSC Exams. The Editorial Analysis helps in expanding the knowledge base as well as framing better quality mains answers. Today’s Hindu Editorial Analysis of ‘A June with Extremes in Temperature’ discusses various Indian cities experiencing hottest and lowest-ever maximum temperature for June and various reasons associated with it.

A June with Extremes in Temperature

In the year 2023, several Indian cities experienced extreme temperatures during the month of June. Notably, Chennai and Chandigarh witnessed the lowest-ever maximum temperatures recorded in the last seven decades for a June day, while Thiruvananthapuram observed its hottest June day within the same time period.

Cities with Lowest-ever Maximum Temperature

On June 19, Chennai recorded its lowest-ever maximum temperature for June, reaching 28.2°C. This drop in temperature was accompanied by significant rainfall, with the Nungambakkam station in Chennai receiving over 80 mm of rainfall in a 24-hour period ending at 8:30 a.m. on June 19, followed by more than 50 mm in the subsequent 24 hours. Prior to this rainfall, the city had been experiencing a heatwave, with temperatures soaring to 42.7°C on June 3, marking the third-highest maximum temperature recorded for a June day in Chennai. The sudden heavy rainfall in June led to a rapid cooldown, resulting in the lowest-ever maximum temperature recorded for the month.

• Other cities such as Bengaluru, Jaipur, Delhi, and Dehradun also experienced some of their lowest maximum temperatures for June in 2023.
• The relatively cooler temperatures observed in Jaipur on June 18 and 19, with maximum temperatures of 30.7°C and 31.4°C, can be attributed to the aftermath of Cyclone Biparjoy.
• On another note, Delhi and Dehradun witnessed a decrease in temperatures due to southwest monsoon rainfall, with Delhi recording the second-lowest maximum temperature of 28.5°C and Dehradun recording a temperature of 22.8°C, the third-lowest ever recorded.
• Chandigarh also experienced a record low maximum temperature of 26.3°C.

Cities with Hottest June Day

In contrast to the aforementioned cities, Thiruvananthapuram encountered its hottest June day in 2023, with a maximum temperature of 34.5°C recorded on June 15. On June 2, the city had the second-hottest day in the past seven decades, with a maximum temperature of 34.4°C. Throughout June, Thiruvananthapuram consistently recorded maximum temperatures above 30°C, a rarity for the city.

• Several other cities, including Panaji, Bhubaneswar, Patna, Amaravati, and Mumbai, also experienced some of their warmest-ever June days earlier in the month.

Bucking the Trends

However, despite the occurrence of hundreds of heat wave-related deaths in the eastern and central states in June, cities such as Lucknow and Ranchi did not reach record-high temperatures, except for Patna, where the temperature rose to 42.4°C on June 7, the highest in the past decade.

• Amaravati, the capital of Andhra Pradesh, also witnessed relatively high temperatures in June, with most days surpassing the 38°C mark.

Temperature Measurement Procedure

The conclusions drawn from this analysis are based on the India Meteorological Department’s gridded maximum temperature database. The database relies on data from 550 measuring stations that record daily surface air temperatures. The temperature measurements presented in the gridded database represent the weighted average of four to 10 nearest measuring stations at a given point.

• For example, when reporting Chennai’s figures, the average temperature of stations nearest to Chennai is considered, rather than solely relying on the measurements from the Nungambakkam station.
• The number of stations taken into account varies depending on the availability of surface observatories in proximity to a particular city.

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