Green Hydrogen
A green hydrogen is a form of hydrogen that is created by electrolyzing water with the use of renewable energy sources like solar or wind energy. Water is split into hydrogen and oxygen during the electrolysis process, and the hydrogen that is created can be used as a clean, sustainable fuel.
For Prelims: General issues on Environmental Ecology, Biodiversity, and Climate Change – that do not require subject specialization.
For Mains: GS Paper- III- Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life.
New Delhi welcomes the start of the three-day international conference on green hydrogen. A platform for developing partnerships to realize the goal of a clean and green planet. The government, in collaboration with businesses, will create cutting-edge technology for a sustainable hydrogen environment.
Depending on the nature of the method of its extraction, hydrogen is categorized into three categories, namely, Grey, Blue, and Green.
India has set goals to achieve Net Zero by 2070 and energy independence by 2047. India’s Energy Transition is focused on maximizing the usage of renewable energy across all economic sectors in order to meet this goal. A potential substitute for facilitating this shift is green hydrogen. In addition to replacing fossil fuels in industry and providing clean transportation, hydrogen can also be used for decentralized power generation, aviation, and maritime transportation.
Using green hydrogen energy can help India reach its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) targets and guarantee the security, accessibility, and availability of the country’s energy supply.
In accordance with the Paris Climate Agreement, India committed to reducing its economy’s carbon intensity by 33–55% from 2005 levels by 2030. India’s move to sustainable energy and fight against climate change can be fueled by green hydrogen.
Green hydrogen can serve as an energy storage option, which will be necessary to handle renewable energy’s erratic supply in the future.
In terms of transportation, green hydrogen can be utilized in trains, huge ships, buses, trucks, and other vehicles for long-distance mobilizations for either urban freight movement within cities and states or for people.
This will lessen India’s reliance on fossil fuel imports. The localization of electrolyzer production and the growth of green hydrogen projects have the potential to generate thousands of employment in India as well as a new market for green technologies worth US$18–20 billion.
This is due to the fact that electrolysis, the method used to create green hydrogen, uses a significant quantity of electricity, and in India, the price of renewable electricity is still quite expensive.
For example, there aren’t enough hydrogen refueling stations or pipelines to move hydrogen.
This is because there aren’t enough incentives for enterprises to use this technology and because the general public doesn’t know much about or understand green hydrogen.
Hydrogen must be cost-competitive with traditional fuels and technology for transportation fuel cells on a per-mile basis.
Expanding sustainable energy sources like solar and wind power would help achieve this.
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Green hydrogen is produced through the electrolysis of water using renewable energy sources like solar or wind energy. It is a clean and sustainable form of hydrogen fuel.
Hydrogen is categorized into three types based on extraction methods:
Grey Hydrogen: Produced from coal or natural gas without carbon capture, resulting in high carbon emissions.
Blue Hydrogen: Produced from natural gas or coal with carbon capture technologies to reduce carbon emissions.
Green Hydrogen: Produced by electrolyzing water using renewable energy, resulting in zero carbon emissions.
The Green Hydrogen Mission in India aims to make the country a leading producer and supplier of green hydrogen. It focuses on reducing dependence on imported fossil fuels, attracting investments, creating job opportunities, and supporting research and development projects.
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