The Gujrat Riots of 2002 are often in the news due to recent developments and court proceedings. It is important that the students preparing for Civil Services Examination must have some idea about the Gujrat Riots of 2002. A riot is a form of civil disorder commonly characterized by a group lashing out in a violent public disturbance against authority, property, or people. Riots are generally a failure of social structures and inevitably a dent in the fabric of society. This incident is directly linked to the GS I Topics like – India Society, Communalism, and Post Independence History. Indirect connections can also be made to topics in the governance and ethics section. Here in this space candidates can know all about the Gujrat Riots 2002.
According to official records, the Gujarat riots resulted in the loss of lives for a total of 262 Hindus and 863 Muslims. These numbers also take into account the casualties resulting from police firing. However, it is important to note that the actual number of casualties may be significantly higher, indicating that individuals from both religious communities were affected by the violence.
Nanavati Commission: The Gujarat government, under the leadership of Chief Minister Narendra Modi, established the Nanavati Commission as a Commission of Inquiry. In its final report submitted in 2008, the commission described the train burning incident as a conspiracy.
Banerjee Commission: The UPA government formed a separate inquiry commission led by Justice UC Banerjee. In the commission’s report submitted in 2006, the incident was classified as an accident. However, the Supreme Court later deemed the report unconstitutional and invalid.
Special Investigation Team (SIT): The Supreme Court constituted a Special Investigation Team (SIT) that supported the prosecution’s charges that the incident was not an unplanned mob outrage but rather involved a conspiracy.
There are various reasons and factors associated with the occurrence of riots. There are a few general causes that lead to massacres at this level. Here are a few factors that lead to Gujrat Riots:
The trials for the case began more than eight years after the incident, specifically on June 1, 2009. On March 1, 2011, a special SIT court delivered its verdict, convicting 31 individuals. Among them, 11 were sentenced to death, while 20 received life imprisonment. Additionally, the court acquitted 63 people involved in the case. The SIT court agreed with the prosecution’s charges, stating that the incident was not a spontaneous act of mob violence but rather a result of a premeditated conspiracy. The 31 convicts were found guilty under relevant sections of the Indian Penal Code, including those pertaining to criminal conspiracy, murder, and attempted murder.
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