Introduction: The Constitution of India does not provide a specific description for Scheduled Tribes. Nevertheless, the establishment of the National Commission of Scheduled Tribes (NCST) has brought recognition to various legislations such as the Protection of Civil Rights (PCR) Act of 1955 and the SC and ST (Prevention of Atrocities) (POA) Act of 1989, which was amended in 2015 along with its Rules in 2016. As this subject holds significance for individuals preparing for the IAS Exam, this article will outline pertinent details about the commission.
Established by the Constitution (89th Amendment) Act in 2003, the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes is a constitutional body. It is tasked with promoting the economic development of Scheduled Tribes in India and its responsibilities are outlined in Article 338.
Meaning of Scheduled Tribes
As per Article 366(25) of the Constitution, Scheduled Tribes encompass the communities that are listed according to Article 342 of the Constitution. Additionally, Article 342 of the Constitution specifies that Scheduled Tribes consist of tribes, tribal communities, or segments within these groups that have been officially declared by the President through a public notification.
Based on the 2011 Census data, the Scheduled Tribes make up 104 million individuals, constituting about 8.6% of the total population of the nation. These tribes are distributed across various parts of the country, primarily inhabiting forested and mountainous regions.
The composition of the NCST includes a chairperson, a vice-chairperson, and three full-time members. Among these three members, it is mandatory to have at least one female member. Each member of the Commission serves a term of three years.
The current members of the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST) are:
The NCST is a statutory body established by the Government of India under the Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order, 1950. It is an advisory body to the government on matters relating to the welfare and development of Scheduled Tribes. The NCST has its headquarters in New Delhi and has regional offices in all the states and union territories of India.
The members of the NCST are appointed by the President of India in consultation with the Prime Minister and the Minister of Tribal Affairs. The members hold office for a term of three years and are eligible for reappointment.
Candidates can download here National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST) PDF for detailed information. The link is provided below. click on the link and download the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST) PDF here.
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The statutory National Commission for SCs & STs came into being on 12-3-92 (after the Constitutiona (65th )Amendment); Act 1990. Notified on 8-6-1990), it was headed by Sh. Ram Dhan as Chairperson and had Sh. Bandi Oraon.
(Karnataka) 3rd Floor, 'D'Wing, CGO Complex, Kendriya Sadan, Koramangala, Bangalore- 560034.
The President may, with respect to any State or Union territory, and where it is a state, after consultation with the Governor thereof by public notification, specify the tribes or tribal communities or parts of or groups within tribes or tribal communities which shall, for the purposes of this constitution, is deemed.
Bhil is the largest tribe in India, constituting roughly 38% of the total scheduled tribal population. According to the largest tribes in India census 2011, Bhil majorly speaks Bhil, and other languages they know well are Gujarati and Marathi.
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