Punjab PCS Syllabus 2025, New Prelims and Mains Exam Pattern

• Reading comprehension: Punjabi and English language comprehension, antonyms and synonyms, grammar, and sentence formation.
• Interpersonal skills: This includes communication skills.
• Logical reasoning, analytical, and mental ability
• Basic numerical skills: Numbers, magnitudes, percentages, and numerical relation appreciation
• Data analysis, Graphic presentations, charts, tables, spreadsheets.

• Salient Features: The world has mountains (Himalayas), plains (Indo-Gangetic), plateaus (Tibetan Plateau), and deserts (Sahara).
• Natural Resources: Water, minerals, forests, and energy resources like coal and oil are found globally. South Asia has coal, oil, and fertile land for agriculture.

Industry Locations:

• Primary (agriculture, mining) is near natural resources.
• Secondary (manufacturing) is close to raw materials and markets.
• Tertiary (services) is in urban areas with good infrastructure.

Geophysical Phenomena

• Earthquakes: Caused by tectonic movements; Japan and Nepal experience frequent earthquakes.
• Tsunamis: Ocean waves from underwater earthquakes, like the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami.
• Volcanic Activity: Eruptions release lava and ash, e.g., Mount Vesuvius in Italy.
• Cyclones: Strong storms with winds and rain, like those in the Bay of Bengal.
• Geographical Changes: Melting ice caps raise sea levels, and climate change impacts flora and fauna.

Geography of Punjab: Physiography and Strategic Location

• Physiography: Punjab has fertile plains with rivers like the Sutlej and the Beas.
• Strategic Location: It is near the international borders with Pakistan and China, making it important for trade and defense.

Agriculture and Issues

• Crops: Major crops include wheat, rice, and sugarcane.
• Modern Farming: Uses machines, high-yield seeds, and irrigation.
• Agricultural Issues: Water depletion due to excessive groundwater use and pollution from fertilizers.

• India is diverse in culture, language, religion, and traditions.

Role of Women and Key Issues

• Women face inequality; population growth, poverty, and urbanization pose challenges.
• Remedies include education, empowerment, and improved infrastructure.

Effects of Globalization

• Globalization boosts the economy but affects traditional values and jobs.
• Social Empowerment, Communalism, Regionalism, Secularism
• Focus on empowering marginalized groups; combating religious and regional divisions, promoting secularism.

Ethics and Society

• Ethics guide behavior and decisions, impacting private and public life.

Human Values

• Family, society, and education teach values like respect and honesty.
• Leaders like Buddha, Gandhi, and Phule emphasized peace, non-violence, and equality.

Vulnerable Sections and Welfare Schemes

• Vulnerable groups include women, children, and the poor; welfare schemes aim to uplift them.

Social Sector Issues

• Challenges include poor health and education systems, and issues like poverty and malnutrition.

• Issues relating to planning, sustainable development, Inclusive growth, and issues arising from it, Government Budgeting.
• Major crops, cropping patterns in various parts of the country, storage, different types of irrigation and irrigation systems, transport and marketing of agricultural produce- issues and related constraints, e-technology in the aid of farmers, Issues related to direct and indirect farm subsidies and minimum support prices, Technology missions, the economics of animal rearing.
• Public Distribution System- objectives, functioning, limitations, revamping; issues of buffer stocks and food security,
• Food processing and related industries in India- location, scope and significance, upstream and downstream requirements, supply chain management
• Land Reforms In India: Effects of Liberalization on the Economy, changes in industrial policy, and their effects on industrial growth.
• Infrastructure- Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways, etc, Investment models
• Human Resource Development
• Importance of Human Capital in Economic Development
• Nature, Types, and Problems of Unemployment in India, Skill Development and Demographic Dividend. Trends of Employment in India,
• Punjab Economy: Planning- various aspects of developmental planning, Infrastructure, and Industry.

• This part will test the candidate’s ability to draw conclusions from information presented in statistical, graphical, or diagrammatic form and interpret the same.

• Linkages between the Development and Spread of Extremism,
• Role of External, State, and non-State Actors in Creating Challenges to Internal Security, Challenges to internal security through communication networks, the role of media and social networking sites in internal security challenges.
• Basics of cyber security, money laundering, and prevention,
• Security challenges and their management linkages of organized crime with terrorism.

• Science and Technology
• Developments and Applications of Science and Technology and Their Effects on Everyday Life
• Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology: indigenization of technology and developing new technology.
• Recent developments in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nano-technology, etc.
• Issues Relating to Intellectual Property Rights.
• Modern Trends in Life Sciences
• Progress of Agricultural Science and its Impact– Introduction to Biotechnology and its applications; Veterinary and Animal Scienceslatest developments.
• Introduction to and Applications of Genetic Engineering & Stem Cell Research
• Human Diseases and Microbial Infections, Common Infections, and Preventive Measures; Preventive Measures during Outbreaks, Immunity and Vaccination

• Conservation, environmental pollution, and Degradation, Issues related to Climate change, environmental impact assessment
• Water Management- Issues in India: Present Scenario, Methods, and Importance of Water Conservation
• Definition, nature, types, and Classification of Disasters
• Natural Hazards: Floods, landslides, earthquakes, tsunamis, etc., Risk reduction and mitigation measures

• Tackling situations of Natural disasters/ Major Accidents/ Law and order, controlling riots, handling public protests and dharnas, Land Acquisition and Rehabilitation, Designing Projects, Implementation of National Flagship Schemes/ Programmes, Private Partnership in effective service delivery, managing and financing Municipal services.
• Conservation of natural resources- water, forests, etc, Pollution control, Planning, and target, Reviving a loss-making PSU achievement, Empowerment of vulnerable sections of society, Gender sensitization and women empowerment, Improving Education and Enhancing Skill development, Urban settlement Slums and Housing issues, Managing Issues related to Urban/ Rural drinking water supply and sanitation, etc.