United Nations General Assembly (UNGA), President, Composition, Powers, and Key Functions
United Nations General Assembly (UNGA): The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) is an essential organ of the United Nations (UN), serving as a platform for all member states to come together and discuss vital global issues. As the principal deliberative and policymaking body of the UN, the UNGA plays a crucial role in promoting international cooperation, addressing pressing challenges, and fostering peace and development worldwide. United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) is also important for UPSC Prelims Exam and UPSC Mains Exam (GS Paper 2- International Relations, International Organizations).
Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi expressed his joy as the United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution for the establishment of a new Memorial Wall dedicated to fallen Peacekeepers, which was initiated by India. The Prime Minister took to Twitter to share his delight, stating that the resolution received an unprecedented 190 co-sponsorships. He expressed his gratitude for the support received from all quarters.
Established in 1945 under the Charter of the United Nations, the UN General Assembly occupies a central position as the chief deliberative, policymaking and representative organ of the United Nations.
United Nations Security Council: Composition, Functioning and Indian Engagement at UNSC
The 193 UN Member States, elected a veteran diplomat from Trinidad and Tobago, Dennis Francis as the President of the 78th session of the UN General Assembly. Francis, who has had a nearly 40-year-career, will take the helm of the UN’s main policy-making body, starting in September. Csaba Kőrösi has been serving as the current President of the United Nations General Assembly since September 13, 2022. Every year, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) selects a president from its member states.
Each of the 193 Member States of the United Nations has an equal vote. It makes the following key decisions for the UN –
The Assembly meets in regular sessions from September to December each year, and thereafter as required. It discusses specific issues through dedicated agenda items or sub-items, which lead to the adoption of resolutions. Generally, a simple majority is considered but in case of important decisions, a two-thirds majority is considered. Each member has one vote. Unlike UN Security Council (UNSC), no member state enjoys a veto in the UNGA.
According to the Charter of the United Nations, the General Assembly may:
It may also take action in cases of a threat to the peace, breach of peace, or act of aggression when the Security Council has failed to act owing to the negative vote of a permanent member.
Achievements and Impact of UNGA
Throughout its existence, the UNGA has achieved notable milestones and played a critical role in shaping global affairs. Some key achievements include:
The United Nations General Assembly stands as a testament to the power of international cooperation and dialogue. It serves as a forum for diverse nations to come together, exchange ideas, and collaborate on shared challenges. With its focus on peace, development, and human rights, the UNGA plays a pivotal role in shaping global policies and striving towards a more just and sustainable world.
UN Security Council, Enhancing Maritime Security
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