UPSC Prelims Bits: October 29, 2022

”UPSC Prelims Bits” is every day published in the morning between 11:00 AM to 12:00 Noon and contains selective current affairs articles. ”UPSC Prelims Bits” covers various topics from UPSC Prelims Syllabus and is very helpful and time managing for UPSC Aspirants. The framing of this daily current affairs compilation article is easy to read and understandable also.

In the ”UPSC Prelims Bits” article, we focus on UPSC Preliminary exam-oriented current affairs covering various sections from leading National Newspapers, PIB, and other various official sources.

Grievance Appellate Committees Against Social Media Platforms

Why in news?

Social media users will now have the option to appeal against the grievance redressal process of the platforms such as Twitter, Facebook and YouTube, before an appellate panel to be formed by the government, with the Centre notifying the amendments to the IT intermediary rules on October 28.

Background

In July, Twitter had moved the Karnataka High Court seeking review and relief from “over-broad and arbitrary” content blocking orders from the government.

What will the Committees do?

• The central government shall, by notification, establish one or more Grievance Appellate Committees within three months.
• Each committee, which will have the power to overturn content moderation decisions made by social media platforms.
• The new law follows multiple stand-offs between the Centre and social media platforms over content moderation and pulling down of content.
• As per the notification, any person aggrieved by a decision of the intermediary’s grievance officer may prefer an appeal to the Grievance Appellate Committee within 30 days from the date of receipt of communication from the intermediary.
• The committee will “make an endeavour to resolve the appeal finally within thirty calendar days from the date of receipt of the appeal”.

Members

• The committee will consist of a chairperson and two whole-time members appointed by the Centre, of which one will be a member ex-officio and two shall be independent members.

COP27

COP27: Why in news?

COP27 — the United Nations’ climate summit will open in Egypt from November 6.

COP27: Key Points

• The world has come from Stockholm, Rio, Bali, Kyoto, Durban, Paris, Katowice, Glasgow to Sharm El-Sheikh.
• A golden opportunity for all stakeholders to rise to the occasion and tackle effectively the global challenge of climate change facilitated by Egypt on the African continent.
• Recent IPCC reports have highlighted the gravity of the climate crisis and the need for immediate and sustained political will, impactful action and effective cooperation.
• Building on Glasgow’s momentum, we seek to further enhance the scope of deliverables across the climate action agenda.

Anti-Semitism

Anti-Semitism: Why in news?

Clothing giant Adidas recently announced that it would be cutting all ties with Kanye West, now known as Ye, following a series of concerning comments made by the rapper.

Anti-Semitism: Key Points

• The term antisemitism was coined only in the nineteenth century, but anti-Jewish hatred and Judeophobia (fear of Jews) date back to ancient times and have a variety of causes.
• In the Middle Ages and early modern era, religious antagonism towards Europe’s Jews resulted in anti-Jewish legislation, expulsions, and violence.
• In much of Europe, government policies, customs, and laws segregated Jews from the rest of the population, relegated them to particular jobs, and prohibited them from owning land.
• In the nineteenth century, many of these restrictions were lifted through political emancipation, but in Tsarist Russia, for instance, anti-Jewish laws remained until 1917.
• The Nazis built upon centuries of anti-Jewish sentiment—religious, economic, and political—but viewed the Jews as a separate and dangerous “race” that could never be assimilated into European society.

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